谷歌“量子霸权”被打破…｜资讯串烧
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">内容提要</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">1. 别再逮着人就劝人早睡早起！</strong>伦敦帝国理工学院对<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>类型与心智表现进行了<span style="color: black;">科研</span>并<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>： <span style="color: black;">夜猫子人群比早睡早起型表现出更优秀的认知能力，中间型的认知表现<span style="color: black;">亦</span>优于清晨型</span>。该<span style="color: black;">科研</span>结果刊载在《英国医学杂志-公共卫生》杂志上。 </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">2. 无奇不有</strong>：有人打个喷嚏，肠子就掉出来了…</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3. 量子计算新<span style="color: black;">发展</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">：美国知名量子计算<span style="color: black;">机构</span>Quantinuum宣布其量子计算机的性能比此前谷歌推出的里程碑式量子计算机强上百倍：<span style="color: black;">Quantinuum团队将其H2-1处理器从32量子比特系统升级至56量子比特系统，大大<span style="color: black;">加强</span>了计算能力。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">夜猫子可能<span style="color: black;">持有</span>更敏锐的大脑</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q9.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240718/3f34c770ca9f4fddb8dfa1aa9a0b2a2f.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">熬夜会让脑子变笨，这几乎是所有人的共识。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">不外</span><span style="color: black;">专家</span>最新<span style="color: black;">报告</span>了一项令人震惊的<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>：</span><span style="color: black;">夜猫子认知能力更强！</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Excuse me？！</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">该新<span style="color: black;">科研</span>刊载于为《英国医学杂志-公共卫生》</span><span style="color: black;">（BMJ Public Health）</span><span style="color: black;">，由英国帝国理工学院的团队开展，旨在探索<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>与心智表现各个方面之间的关系。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>类型</span><span style="color: black;">有多种，有的人<span style="color: black;">爱好</span>早睡早起，属于“清晨型”</span><span style="color: black;">（morningness）</span><span style="color: black;">，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有夜猫子式作息的“夜晚型”</span><span style="color: black;">（eveningness）</span><span style="color: black;">，当然最多应该还是不早不晚的“中间型”</span><span style="color: black;">（intermediate）</span><span style="color: black;">。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">英国生物样本库</span><span style="color: black;">（UK Biobank）</span><span style="color: black;">是英国一项大型、<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>的生物样本数据<span style="color: black;">科研</span>项目，<span style="color: black;">数年</span>来<span style="color: black;">始终</span><span style="color: black;">跟踪</span>英国居民的健康<span style="color: black;">情况</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">帝国理工学院团队<span style="color: black;">需求</span>参与该项目的志愿者接受<span style="color: black;">各样</span>测试并填写<span style="color: black;">相关</span>其<span style="color: black;">平常</span>习惯的问卷，其中<span style="color: black;">包含</span><span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>问题。后续分析工作针对两部分内容：1. 完<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>项目中<span style="color: black;">包括</span>的<span style="color: black;">所有</span>四项认知测试的志愿者数据；2. 完<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>两项<span style="color: black;">评定</span>记忆力和反应时间的特定测试的志愿者数据。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">团队总共分析了26 000多名年龄在53岁至86岁的参与者数据，结果<span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>与认知功能间的多种联系。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">例如，<span style="color: black;">哪些</span>报告<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>时长达到<span style="color: black;">举荐</span>水平，即每晚约7~9小时的人在认知测试中的表现<span style="color: black;">常常</span>优于<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>不足者。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>，夜猫子人群比早睡早起型表现出更优秀的认知能力，中间型的认知表现<span style="color: black;">亦</span>优于清晨型。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">论文<span style="color: black;">重点</span>作者、伦敦帝国理工学院外科和癌症系<span style="color: black;">科研</span>员拉哈·韦斯特</span><span style="color: black;">（Raha West）</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">暗示</span>：“<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，<span style="color: black;">哪些</span><span style="color: black;">更加多</span>活跃于晚间的成年人，即<span style="color: black;">所说</span>的夜晚型，在认知测试中的表现<span style="color: black;">常常</span>比早起型更出色。<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>类型<span style="color: black;">不仅</span>是个人偏好，似乎还影响认知功能。”</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当然，<span style="color: black;">关联</span>性并不<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着因果<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。<span style="color: black;">况且</span>即便夜猫子作息的确与才思敏捷<span style="color: black;">关联</span>，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>不可<span style="color: black;">忽略</span>这种<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>类型的<span style="color: black;">有些</span>潜在缺点。例如，工作和上学<span style="color: black;">通常</span>都<span style="color: black;">需求</span>早起，夜猫子<span style="color: black;">更易</span>遭遇社交时差，<span style="color: black;">常常</span>难以<span style="color: black;">根据</span>自己<span style="color: black;">爱好</span>的模式作息——这种差异会对人体新陈代谢和整体健康<span style="color: black;">导致</span>微妙但<span style="color: black;">明显</span>的<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>损害。再如：<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，夜猫子患糖尿病等健康问题的<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>更高。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">资料<span style="color: black;">源自</span>：</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Night Owls Might Have Sharper Brains</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">打个喷嚏，肠子就掉出来了</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">重视</span>看，这个男人叫大壮。</span><span style="color: black;">他<span style="color: black;">由于</span>打喷嚏时动静太大，把自己的肠子喷出了腹腔。</span><span style="color: black;">看到暴露在外的肠子，大壮惊呆了，慌忙用身上的衣服盖住它们，他的妻子则赶紧拨打急救<span style="color: black;">tel</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">之<span style="color: black;">因此</span>不<span style="color: black;">选取</span>自驾去医院，<span style="color: black;">原由</span>是<span style="color: black;">这般</span>可能加剧伤情。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q1.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240718/25ef3404cc664de6891d7d911a447053.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">救护车赶到后，医护人员面对这极为罕见的<span style="color: black;">情况</span>，<span style="color: black;">选取</span>先用被盐水浸过的垫子护住腹部破裂区域，以使其保持湿润，直到送抵医院。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">进入急诊室后，63岁的大壮立即接受手术。医疗团队<span style="color: black;">包含</span>三名泌尿外科<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>，<span style="color: black;">她们</span>小心翼翼地操作，使外露的小肠缩回腹腔内。<span style="color: black;">她们</span>还<span style="color: black;">检测</span>了肠道<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>受伤，并冲洗腹腔，<span style="color: black;">而后</span>用多种缝线缝合伤口。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">病人</span>术后恢复良好，未<span style="color: black;">显现</span>肠道<span style="color: black;">损害</span>的迹象，<span style="color: black;">最后</span>顺利出院。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">不久前，《美国医学病例报告杂志》</span><span style="color: black;">（American Journal of Medical Case Reports）</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">报告</span>了<span style="color: black;">以上</span>离奇案例。据<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>，在打喷嚏露小肠事件<span style="color: black;">出现</span>两周前，大壮曾接受膀胱切除术。<span style="color: black;">（这种手术<span style="color: black;">一般</span>旨在治疗癌症，会切除<span style="color: black;">全部</span>膀胱。）</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">文案</span>作者——<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>是给大壮做手术的外科<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>——如此写道：“尽管伤口裂开是一种已知的膀胱切除术后并发症，但小肠<span style="color: black;">经过</span>腹壁排出体外的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>非常少见。”</span><span style="color: black;">（当然，大壮的经历并非孤例。）</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">作者还指出，紧急医疗服务或许应将腹部脏器切除术</span><span style="color: black;">（abdominal evisceration）</span><span style="color: black;">的<span style="color: black;">关联</span>护理<span style="color: black;">办法</span>纳入自己体系。这些<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>：<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>可见<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，用无菌盐水或无菌水冲洗肠子以<span style="color: black;">处理</span>严重污染问题，用湿润、无菌的敷料覆盖暴露的肠子，并<span style="color: black;">按照</span>需要用额外的无菌液冲洗这些敷料。”</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">资料<span style="color: black;">源自</span>：</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Man sneezes so hard his guts come out. Baffled doctors manage to save him</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">谷歌“量子霸权”被打破</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q9.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240718/e4bbcceeca8b4d578080b6cb87a30121.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Quantinuum的量子计算机</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">近期</span>，美国知名量子计算<span style="color: black;">机构</span>Quantinuum宣布其量子计算机的性能比此前谷歌推出的里程碑式量子计算机强上百倍。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2019年，谷歌的Sycamore处理器实现了所谓量子霸权，在200秒内完<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>一项需耗费经典超级计算机1万年时间的任务。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">量子计算机运行的基本单位是量子比特，<span style="color: black;">或</span>说量子位——其<span style="color: black;">不消</span>于经典比特之处在于它的值<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">同期</span>为0和1。得益于此量子特性，量子计算机能比传统<span style="color: black;">设备</span>更快地“思考”<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>问题的<span style="color: black;">处理</span><span style="color: black;">方法</span>，<span style="color: black;">最后</span><span style="color: black;">处理</span>后者<span style="color: black;">没法</span>处理的问题。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">量子比特<span style="color: black;">一般</span>是排成阵列的超冷原子。<span style="color: black;">所说</span>超冷原子，<span style="color: black;">便是</span>保持在一个接近绝对零度的极低温状态下的原子；<span style="color: black;">处在</span>如此低温下，原子便是量子态的。但要<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>，一旦有任何一个量子比特的值确定，量子态就会退相干，量子操作即崩溃。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，现有量子计算机仅限于专门<span style="color: black;">科研</span>和实验室环境。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">为超越谷歌Sycamore，Quantinuum团队将其H2-1处理器从32量子比特系统升级至56量子比特系统，大大<span style="color: black;">加强</span>了计算能力。<span style="color: black;">按照</span>Quantinuum发布的<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>稿，其量子计算机运行算法所需的功率低到了传统<span style="color: black;">设备</span>的1/30000。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q9.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240718/e0b536afca974904871b33c474992211.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">H2-1离子阱有56个量子比特</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">极为关键的是，Quantinuum计算机在交叉熵基准测试中创下新纪录。该基准是用于比较<span style="color: black;">区别</span>量子计算机性能的指标；系统噪声越大，结果越差</span><span style="color: black;">（越接近0，越远离1）</span><span style="color: black;">。谷歌Sycamore在2019年交叉熵基准测试中的得分为~.002；H2-1的得分则高达 ~.35。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Quantinuum团队指出：“35%是朝着理想的100%保真度极限迈出的重要一步。在追逐极限过程中，量子计算机的计算<span style="color: black;">优良</span>显而易见。”<span style="color: black;">（<span style="color: black;">开发</span>团队不久前发表了关于新成果的预印本论文。）</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">资料<span style="color: black;">源自</span>：</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">Computer Company Breaks ‘Quantum Supremacy’ Record Set by Google</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">END</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">《世界科学》杂志版在售中 </span><span style="color: black;">欢迎订阅</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240718/f904509ad447417393a89e6c67c35a25.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">月刊定价15元/期 </span></strong></span></p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">订阅方式一：</span></strong></span></p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">订阅方式二：</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">全国各地邮局订阅。邮发代号：4-263</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">订阅方式三：</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">公司</span>订阅，请拨打</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">021-53300839；</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">021-53300838</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">推</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">荐</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">阅</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">读</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">你是“猫头鹰”还是“百灵鸟”？这次<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>不谈诺贝尔奖，只谈昼夜节律！</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">痴傻</span>与<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span><span style="color: black;">相关</span>？<span style="color: black;">专家</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>里面的关键：昼夜节律</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">提出“量子霸权”概念的他，怎么看谷歌的量子计算机？</span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">返回<span style="color: black;">外链论坛：www.fok120.com</span>，查看<span style="color: black;">更加多</span></span></a></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">责任编辑：</p>
交流如星光璀璨，点亮思想夜空。 回顾历史，我们感慨万千；放眼未来，我们信心百倍。 外贸B2B平台有哪些？ 我深受你的启发，你的话语是我前进的动力。
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