癌转移扩散后还能活多久？
<img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/StCEdJp2mia2XZ9cxEctmFGQo7Pm6keOfqG2RGc2HddeaC6LRZ6QaHwWOJv0sOGa2OD54vNMtxGYPNeT8g0Chng/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">癌转移<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>肿瘤细胞从原发肿瘤组织脱落，沿着淋巴道、血道以及从肿瘤浆膜面脱落，种植到远隔脏器，从而形成继发的肿瘤病灶<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>之为转移。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">平常</span>的癌细胞转移有淋巴道转移、血道转移、种植转移等</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1.淋巴道转移</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">平常</span>于<span style="color: black;">各样</span>癌，侵入淋巴管的癌细胞随淋巴<span style="color: black;">首要</span>到达局部淋巴结，继续发展可转移到邻近或远处淋巴结。如乳腺癌<span style="color: black;">首要</span>转移到同侧腋窝淋巴结，之后可转移到锁骨下和锁骨上淋巴结，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>对侧腋窝淋巴结；</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2.血道转移</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">平常</span>于<span style="color: black;">各样</span>肉瘤、内分泌癌和未分化癌，直接侵入血管或经淋巴管再入血管的瘤细胞随血流到达其他部位。最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的转移部位是肺、脑、肝和骨。胃肠道癌常转移至肝和肺，乳腺癌、肾癌、骨肉瘤等常转移到肺，肺癌易转移至脑，前列腺癌易转移至骨；</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3.种植转移</span></strong><span style="color: black;">从肿瘤表面脱落的瘤细胞在胸腔、腹腔和脑脊髓腔等处<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的种植性生长，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>重力的缘故，<span style="color: black;">常常</span>种植在这些空腔的下部，如肋膈角、直肠膀胱窝、颅底等处。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">癌细胞<span style="color: black;">为何</span>会转移？</span></strong><span style="color: black;">一是癌细胞繁殖速度快</span><span style="color: black;">，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>数量急剧地<span style="color: black;">增多</span>，原有的空间容纳不下<span style="color: black;">那样</span>多细胞，肿瘤边缘的细胞就挤进<span style="color: black;">周边</span>的组织。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>，有些癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>做一次手术，仍<span style="color: black;">不可</span>把肿瘤完全切干净。</span><span style="color: black;">二是癌细胞表面的化学<span style="color: black;">构成</span>及结构的特殊性，使癌细胞间的黏着力低，连接松散，容易与癌块脱离，为扩散创造了<span style="color: black;">前提</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">三是癌细胞分泌特殊物质，溶解及破坏<span style="color: black;">周边</span>组织，为扩散转移开辟了道路。</span><span style="color: black;">四是癌细胞含有一种能<span style="color: black;">促进</span>血栓形成的特殊物质，癌细胞进入血管后就<span style="color: black;">促进</span>血栓形成，阻碍血流，抵制血流冲刷，自己得以附着在血管壁或其他部位继续生长。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">癌症扩散和转移的区别</span></strong><span style="color: black;">癌症扩散和转移其实<span style="color: black;">无</span>太大的区别，<span style="color: black;">一般</span>多见于恶性肿瘤中、晚期的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>。<span style="color: black;">通常</span>癌症转移<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>肿瘤向远处其它器官转移，从而会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>其它部位<span style="color: black;">显现</span>恶性肿瘤侵犯症状。而扩散指的是恶性肿瘤<span style="color: black;">周边</span>浸润感染，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>很容易<span style="color: black;">显现</span>肿瘤周边组织感染的症状。</span><span style="color: black;">癌症是一大类恶性肿瘤的统<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>，恶性肿瘤有<span style="color: black;">没</span>限增殖的特性，有可能会突破包膜，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>不采用治疗的话还有可能会发展比较快。一旦转移到<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>器官，就有可能会危及到人的生命健康。</span><span style="color: black;">癌症<span style="color: black;">必须</span>早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>、早治疗，能够采用手术治疗的，要先扩大手术根治，术后<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">协同</span>局部放疗、全身化疗、内分泌治疗或靶向治疗等，<span style="color: black;">这般</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>预防复发和转移扩散。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">癌细胞转移扩散前会露出<span style="color: black;">那些</span>马脚？</span></strong><span style="color: black;">癌细胞<span style="color: black;">出现</span>转移在医学前是比较<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的现象，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>癌细胞<span style="color: black;">无</span>得到有效的治疗，就会转移到其他器官<span style="color: black;">或</span>是<span style="color: black;">出现</span>严重的扩散，直接威胁到生命。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1.原来的症状再次<span style="color: black;">显现</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">原发病灶内的肿瘤<span style="color: black;">出现</span>转移以后，会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>管腔<span style="color: black;">显现</span>阻塞，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>食道癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>吞咽困难的症状，胸腔纵隔肿瘤增大，会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>缺氧心慌症状<span style="color: black;">显现</span>等。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>你频繁<span style="color: black;">显现</span>这几个症状<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>您能<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">注意</span>，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>这可能<span style="color: black;">便是</span>癌细胞<span style="color: black;">出现</span>转移扩散的表现。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2.莫名的<span style="color: black;">病痛</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">肿瘤<span style="color: black;">出现</span>转移的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下，会<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>感，骨转移的<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>感更加<span style="color: black;">显著</span>，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>会影响到正常行走，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>癌细胞真的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>了骨转移，肿瘤体积<span style="color: black;">很强</span>的，就会压迫到管腔，<span style="color: black;">导致</span>组织坏死炎症，<span style="color: black;">最后</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>感。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3.<span style="color: black;">反常</span><span style="color: black;">流血</span>问题</span></strong><span style="color: black;">大部分肿瘤转移<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，很容易<span style="color: black;">伴同</span><span style="color: black;">流血</span>症状。<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>肿瘤组织坏死<span style="color: black;">导致</span>，这类<span style="color: black;">流血</span>为局部少量<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，有些肿瘤<span style="color: black;">连续</span>侵犯<span style="color: black;">周边</span>血管的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，则会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>严重大<span style="color: black;">流血</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>莫名其妙<span style="color: black;">伴同</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>现象，应该立即<span style="color: black;">看病</span>筛查，尤其是本身有癌症的人，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>了<span style="color: black;">反常</span><span style="color: black;">流血</span>现象，更应该<span style="color: black;">导致</span>高度<span style="color: black;">注意</span>。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">4.发烧</span></strong><span style="color: black;">肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">身体</span>的组织<span style="color: black;">显现</span>坏死，会<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>不同程度的发热症状，肿瘤<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的发热，在<span style="color: black;">吃下</span>退烧药后，<span style="color: black;">基本</span>得不到有效缓解，即便是短期内退烧，在药效过后又会卷土重来。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>本身查出癌症的人，<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了以上这几种症状，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>很可能是癌细胞在<span style="color: black;">身体</span>扩散或转移的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>征兆，<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>您能尽早<span style="color: black;">看病</span>。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">癌细胞扩散还能活多久？</span></strong><span style="color: black;">这种问题应该是因人而异的，有的癌细胞扩散，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>直肠癌<span style="color: black;">出现</span>了肝脏转移，癌细胞转移到了肝脏，这就算癌细胞的扩散。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>直肠的肿瘤能够完整的切除，<span style="color: black;">况且</span>肝脏的肿瘤<span style="color: black;">亦</span>能够完整的切除，<span style="color: black;">这般</span>就<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>一个根治性的手术，<span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">这般</span>的<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>是有治愈的可能性的。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>癌细胞全身广泛的转移，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>转移到肝，肺等<span style="color: black;">地区</span>，<span style="color: black;">这般</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>给予化疗，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>能耐受化疗的，给予几个周期后再<span style="color: black;">评定</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>病情<span style="color: black;">状况</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>转移的<span style="color: black;">地区</span>能够切除了，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>把原发灶以及转移灶<span style="color: black;">所有</span>切除，<span style="color: black;">而后</span>切除以后再继续给化疗<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是有可能治愈的。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>这种<span style="color: black;">病人</span>癌细胞转移的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>来讲预后还是比较差的，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>转移以后就属于肿瘤的晚期，大<span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>是<span style="color: black;">不可</span>够完整的切除肿瘤的。至于能活多久，一是要<span style="color: black;">按照</span>癌细胞的恶性程度，还要<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>的自身<span style="color: black;">状况</span>来定。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">源自</span>：肿瘤科普</span><span style="color: black;">编辑：乐轩</span><span style="color: black;">投稿邮箱：leyuantg@163.com</span><p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; 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