体检报告上肿瘤标志物加强=得了癌症?别慌,真相在这儿!
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌症已<span style="color: black;">作为</span><span style="color: black;">日前</span>严重威胁人类健康的<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>,人们<span style="color: black;">常常</span>谈癌色变。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">肿瘤标志物(tumor marker TM)<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">指的是</span>在恶性肿瘤的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>和增殖过程中,由肿瘤细胞本身所产生的,或<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>机体对肿瘤细胞反应<span style="color: black;">反常</span>产生或<span style="color: black;">上升</span>的,反映肿瘤存在和生长的一类物质,<span style="color: black;">包含</span>蛋白质、激素、酶等等</strong>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在体检中,“肿瘤标志物筛查”<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>不少人追捧的检测项目。<span style="color: black;">然则</span>,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>真的查出了“肿瘤标志物”<span style="color: black;">上升</span>,就<span style="color: black;">必定</span>是癌症吗?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q4.itc.cn/images01/20240417/fab033de4d31467e9370e2ec53b450f4.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肿瘤标志物<span style="color: black;">做为</span>一类能够反映肿瘤存在的化学物质,其在临床上的应用已越来越广泛,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>在某些方面优于传统的放射影像<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。是<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>症状微灶肿瘤的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>途径。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">经过</span>血液检测,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>更早地<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>这些标志物的存在,从而提示可能存在的肿瘤<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。而传统的放射影像<span style="color: black;">检测</span>,如CT、MRI等,虽然准确度高,但<span style="color: black;">常常</span>难以<span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">初期</span>的微小病灶。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">其次,肿瘤标志物检测还<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>动态监测的<span style="color: black;">优良</span>。在肿瘤治疗过程中,<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">定时</span>检测肿瘤标志物的水平变化,<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">评定</span>治疗效果,<span style="color: black;">即时</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>病情的变化。<span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">指点</span>治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>的<span style="color: black;">调节</span>、<span style="color: black;">加强</span>治疗效果<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">道理</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q2.itc.cn/images01/20240417/c266dc2660d5447da8ed39a21d6b1f44.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>开展了多项肿瘤标志物的检测项目,<span style="color: black;">包含</span>AFP(甲胎蛋白)、CEA(癌胚抗原)、CA125(癌抗原125)、CA15-3(癌抗原15-3)、CA199(糖类抗原199)、PSA、HCG等,这些标志物在多种癌症的诊断、监测和预后<span style="color: black;">评定</span>中<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的临床价值。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">1、AFP正常参考值 ≤10 ng/mL</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">AFP<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">做为</span>原发性肝癌的肿瘤标志物,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>有助于辅助原发性肝癌的诊断及疗效监测。<span style="color: black;">没</span>肝病活动、排除妊娠和生殖腺胚胎癌,≥ 400 ng/mL <span style="color: black;">连续</span> 4周或 ≥ 200 ng/mL <span style="color: black;">连续</span> 8周,结合影像<span style="color: black;">检测</span>可诊断为原发性肝癌。肝硬化、肝炎<span style="color: black;">病人</span>中 AFP <span style="color: black;">亦</span>会<span style="color: black;">上升</span>,但<span style="color: black;">通常</span>不超过 300 ng/ml。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">2、CEA正常参考值 ≤5ng/mL</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">CEA与胃肠道肿瘤关系比较密切,诊断肺腺癌阳性率<span style="color: black;">亦</span>较高,<span style="color: black;">上升</span>时还可见于大肠癌、胰腺癌、胃癌、乳腺癌等,可用于监测肿瘤的复发和转移。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">大夫</span>提醒:吸烟人群可能会稍高于正常值。CEA<span style="color: black;">上升</span>时不要担心,先看一下<span style="color: black;">上升</span>的程度,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>只是高一点点,如5-7.5ng/mL,<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">一月</span>后再去复查,若呈<span style="color: black;">连续</span>性翻倍<span style="color: black;">升高</span>,或是联合其他肿瘤标志物<span style="color: black;">一块</span><span style="color: black;">上升</span>,就要完善胃肠镜、CT等<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。以CEA为例,它在结肠癌、胃癌等恶性肿瘤中的阳性率较高,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>检测CEA的水平变化,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>辅助诊断这些癌症,并监测病情的<span style="color: black;">发展</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">3、CA125(糖类抗原125 )正常参考值<35u/mL</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">CA125是检测上皮性卵巢癌比较<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>的肿瘤标志物,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>用来<span style="color: black;">评定</span>肺癌的预后。轻度<span style="color: black;">上升</span>:<span style="color: black;">重点</span>见于多种良性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>,如卵巢囊肿、子宫肌瘤、宫颈炎、肝硬化及肝炎等。翻倍<span style="color: black;">上升</span>:若<span style="color: black;">上升</span>至正常值的2倍以上应<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">注意</span>,女性应完善<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的妇科<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">4、CA153(糖类抗原153)正常参考值 ≤ 28 u/ml</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">CA153是乳腺癌首选肿瘤标志物,CA153随肿瘤分期<span style="color: black;">上升</span>而<span style="color: black;">上升</span>;可用于乳腺癌病人治疗过程中病情的进程和消退的监测。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>,在肺癌、结肠癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌、原发性肝癌中<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可见<span style="color: black;">上升</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">5、CA199(糖类抗原199)正常参考值 ≤35 u/ml</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">轻微<span style="color: black;">上升</span>可能是胃肠道炎症,<span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">上升</span>需<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>消化道肿瘤,尤其是胰腺癌、胆囊癌病人血清中CA199含量<span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">升高</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">提醒:CA199的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>诊断价值不大,<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">做为</span>病情监测和预示复发的指标,胰腺癌最<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">6、PSA(前列腺癌特异性抗原)</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">包含</span>总前列腺特异性抗原(t-PSA)和游离前列腺特异性抗原(f-PSA)正常参考值:t-PSA<4ug/L、f-PSA<1.0ug/L、f-PSA/tPSA:> 0.15</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">PSA是前列腺癌的特异性标志物,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">日前</span>公认的<span style="color: black;">独一</span><span style="color: black;">拥有</span>器官特异性的肿瘤标志物,f-PSA 较 t-PSA <span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>,当 T-PSA 正常而 f-PSA <span style="color: black;">上升</span>时,可能提示前列腺癌,<span style="color: black;">意见</span>在前列腺挤压前以及前列腺炎愈合<span style="color: black;">几周</span>后抽取血样。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">7、HCG(人绒毛促性腺激素)正常参考值:非妊娠<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下正常<5 U/L</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">HCG是生殖肿瘤的肿瘤标志物,<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>性和特异性较高,对男性睾丸肿瘤、卵</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">巢原发性绒癌、女性恶性滋养细胞肿瘤、胚胎癌、混合性生殖细胞肿瘤等<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>的诊断价值。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">长沙泰和医院</strong><span style="color: black;">大夫</span>提醒:当看到肿瘤标志物<span style="color: black;">上升</span>时,不必惊慌,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>肿瘤标志物并不是恶性肿瘤所特有的。在<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>良性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>、慢性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">乃至</span>是正<span style="color: black;">一般人</span>群中<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">反常</span><span style="color: black;">上升</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">尽管肿瘤标志物是恶性肿瘤诊断的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>辅助手段,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>不要单纯<span style="color: black;">按照</span>一项或几项肿瘤标志物<span style="color: black;">反常</span>就对号入座,认为自己患了恶性肿瘤,<span style="color: black;">日前</span>癌症诊断的金标准仍然是病理学诊断!</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/images01/20240417/77b5cf53ad4a4acbb2cac2312169b254.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">如若真的确诊癌症<span style="color: black;">不消</span>过分惊慌,保持良好<span style="color: black;">心理</span>,早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>、早诊断、早治疗对癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>起<span style="color: black;">重要</span>的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>!</p>湖南医聊特约作者:长沙泰和医院 检验科 贺辉其关注@湖南医聊,获取<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>健康科普<span style="color: black;">新闻</span>!<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(编辑YH)<a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">返回<span style="color: black;">外链论坛:http://www.fok120.com/</span>,查</span></a>看<span style="color: black;">更加多</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">......</span></p>
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