晚期癌症除了吗啡其他还有什么药能够止痛？
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的止痛药有<span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>该怎么吃<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">？</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">常常</span>最后<span style="color: black;">熬煎</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>的不是癌症本身<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>而是癌症和<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">转移灶</a></span>对<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">周边</span>脏器<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">、</span></span>神经的侵犯<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>所<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的那种不分昼夜<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">、</span></span>一刻<span style="color: black;">一直</span>的钻心<span style="color: black;">病痛</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>在晚期看起来都<span style="color: black;">非常</span>让人心痛<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>时<span style="color: black;">没</span>刻都在发出那种悲鸣<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>一方面<span style="color: black;">期盼</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>活下去<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">；</span></span>一方面又<span style="color: black;">期盼</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>能尽早结束<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的痛苦<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">相信<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>晚期癌症的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>都会面临<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的问题<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>到底该<span style="color: black;">不应</span>给<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">止疼</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">止疼</span>药怎么<span style="color: black;">选取</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">？</span></span>会不会成瘾<span style="color: black;">或</span>产生依赖性<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">？</span></span><span style="color: black;">首要</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>要<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>一个原则<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>那<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span>晚期癌症的<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>在<span style="color: black;">保准</span>用药安全的前提下<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>在<span style="color: black;">止疼</span>药的用药方面<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">无</span>严格的上限<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">！</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">例如<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>吃吗啡类的药片来<span style="color: black;">止疼</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>一片<span style="color: black;">不足</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>就换两片<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">或</span>从一天两次<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>加到一天三次<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>再不行<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>再<span style="color: black;">增多</span>一种<span style="color: black;">止疼</span>药联用<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">。</span></span><span style="color: black;">止疼</span>药的<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>减少<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的<span style="color: black;">病痛</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>在癌症晚期<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>预期寿命<span style="color: black;">亦</span>许<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>三个月<span style="color: black;">或</span>半年<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>这个时候<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>成瘾性是毫<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">道理</span>的<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>很可能还<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>成瘾就<span style="color: black;">已然</span>因肿瘤去世<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">没</span>论是<span style="color: black;">做为</span><span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>还是<span style="color: black;">做为</span>家属<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>都要<span style="color: black;">晓得</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>最<span style="color: black;">留意</span>的是<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的感受<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">世界卫生组织</a></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">（</span></span>WHO<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">）</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">「</span></span><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">癌痛三阶梯</a><span style="color: black;">止疼</span>治疗</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">」</span></span>指南<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">运用</span><span style="color: black;">止疼</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗的五项基本原则如下<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">：</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">1. 口服给药</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">口服给药是首选途径<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>法<span style="color: black;">摄食</span>的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>才会<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>其他方式<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>如<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">经皮</a></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">、</span></span>经肛门<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">、</span></span>经皮下给药<span style="color: black;">或</span>静脉给药等<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">。</span></span>口服是最安全的给药方式<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>减少了<span style="color: black;">止疼</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">一般</span>带来的<span style="color: black;">有些</span>镇静和<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">呼气</span><span style="color: black;">控制</span></a></span>的副<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">2. 按阶梯用药</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">止疼</span>药<span style="color: black;">按照</span>级别<span style="color: black;">能够</span>分为三个阶梯<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>轻度<span style="color: black;">病痛</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">（</span></span>NRS ≤ 3 分<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">）</span></span>的<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">首要</span><span style="color: black;">选择</span> NSAIDS<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">（</span></span><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">非甾体类抗炎<span style="color: black;">药品</span></a></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">）</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>如阿司匹林<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">、</span></span>对乙酰氨基酚<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">（</span></span>如<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">泰诺林</a></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">、</span></span>芬必得等<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">）</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">；</span></span>中度<span style="color: black;">病痛</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">（</span></span>3<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">）</span></span>的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>须采用弱阿片<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>如<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">曲马多</a></span>等<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">；</span></span>重度<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>应采用阿片类<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>如吗啡<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">、</span></span>芬太尼等<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">3. 按时用药</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">用药的原则是保持<span style="color: black;">药品</span>达到<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">血药浓度</a></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>让<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">连续</span>在血液中发挥<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>而不是等疼到受不了才给药<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>最好保持<span style="color: black;">病人</span>感觉不到<span style="color: black;">病痛</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">仅有</span>在活动加重的时候<span style="color: black;">才可</span>感受到轻度<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>为宜<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">。</span></span>在<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>加重<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>爆发痛时<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span>可临时<span style="color: black;">或</span>提前加用快速<span style="color: black;">生效</span>的<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">阿片类<span style="color: black;">药品</span></a></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">（</span></span>如吗啡注射<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">）</span></span>来缓解<span style="color: black;">病痛</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">4. <span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">个体化给药</a></span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">病人</span>家属可到医院的<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>科</a></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>的<span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">止疼</span></a></span>方式<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">评估</span>其<span style="color: black;">可否</span>应当<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">升阶梯<span style="color: black;">止疼</span></a>治疗</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">，</span></span><span style="color: black;">或</span>联用多种方式<span style="color: black;">止疼</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
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楼主的文章深得我心，表示由衷的感谢！ 对于这个问题，我有不同的看法... 楼主的文章非常有意义，提升了我的知识水平。 我完全同意你的看法，期待我们能深入探讨这个问题。 哈哈、笑死我了、太搞笑了吧等。
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