【初中语文古诗文+现代文阅读平常考点讲解与训练(全国通用)解析版】 |专题03古诗词阅读提分妙招之写法技巧
<img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/Ljib4So7yuWiatGiapD46vqo7m44T8eaq8ibBdQ4X4vb5IjbXPz1oqBTMviaFP6jIJyQee86FMQ2piadtP4aLUjhJk5g/640?wx_fmt=gif&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><strong style="color: blue;">点击关注 不迷路</strong><strong style="color: blue;">语文</strong><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/Ljib4So7yuWhRkXWibqVZvOHibdS2KKDicrmciaN1Sr30BoDQ4U05KDVYwckibeYNFM9gzATl4I8dxbF8eVib5lTjHKUw/640?wx_fmt=gif&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Ljib4So7yuWgAEMqXfHPcUgV7icyibu9nDuNakibqpwxggUiaIhTzkvZNpwZiaPuz59n0NibicILbas89pm2tI63RYAnQQ/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/AJywGTMj04tib93EelFe3ZibYGmTibKNWak8hDSjkpwtmKqSwiaIUCibgibicreJ4AhS5Kfv2DtG2DYDWSUt9Zu22ekJQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/Ljib4So7yuWhRkXWibqVZvOHibdS2KKDicrmciaN1Sr30BoDQ4U05KDVYwckibeYNFM9gzATl4I8dxbF8eVib5lTjHKUw/640?wx_fmt=gif&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">考点03古诗词阅读提分妙招之写法技巧</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">★</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">[考点</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">概述</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">]</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">古代诗歌<span style="color: black;">非常</span>讲究艺术技巧,鉴赏诗歌的表达技巧是诗歌赏析的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>内容。表达技巧<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>作者在塑造形象、创造意境、表达思想感情时所采取的特殊的表现手法。它的含义非常广泛,既<span style="color: black;">包含</span><span style="color: black;">各样</span>修辞手法、表达方式的<span style="color: black;">运用</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>各类表现手法和艺术构思上的巧妙运用。对表达技巧的鉴赏,<span style="color: black;">便是</span>辨识诗歌中所<span style="color: black;">运用</span>的修辞手法、表达方式、表现手法或艺术构思,分析其本身的艺术效果,<span style="color: black;">评估</span>其对表现诗人的思想感情所起到的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">★</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">[</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">设问方式</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">]</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">鉴赏写法技巧命题方式<span style="color: black;">一般</span>有:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1、请分析颔联的艺术<span style="color: black;">特殊</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2、请从修辞的<span style="color: black;">方向</span>赏析尾联。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3、首联在全诗中起到什么<span style="color: black;">功效</span>?</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">4、领悟并感受古诗词中的意境和形象。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">5</span>、请结合诗句简要分析诗人产生某种情感的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">……</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">★</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">[</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">答题误区</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">]</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">考生在答题时,常常<span style="color: black;">显现</span>下列问题:以译代析、表达生硬,只抓一点、<span style="color: black;">不顾及</span>整体;表达技巧辨识不准、脱离诗句架空分析、技巧与<span style="color: black;">功效</span>张冠李戴;脱离诗句架空分析、舍本求末遗漏<span style="color: black;">重要</span>、概括偏题乱贴标签</span><span style="color: black;">……</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">★</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">【提分妙招】</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">A、表达技巧</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>表达方式<span style="color: black;">:</span>记叙、描写、议论、抒情。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">记叙指记叙<span style="color: black;">名人</span>的经历或事情的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>、发展、变化过程。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">描写指用生动形象的语言对<span style="color: black;">名人</span>、事件、环境所作的<span style="color: black;">详细</span>描绘和刻画。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">议论是对人和事物的好坏、是非、价值、特点、<span style="color: black;">功效</span>等所<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>的意见。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">抒情指表达作者<span style="color: black;">剧烈</span>的爱憎、好恶、喜怒、哀乐等主观感情。有直接抒情,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有间接抒情,<span style="color: black;">详细</span>的抒情手法有:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1.</span><span style="color: black;">借景或借物抒情。作者对某种景象或某种客观事物有所感触时,把<span style="color: black;">自己</span>所要抒发的感情表达的思想寄寓<span style="color: black;">这里</span>景此物中,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>描写此景此物予以抒发,这种抒情方式就叫借景或借物抒情。 </span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2.</span>寓情于景<span style="color: black;">(</span>或物<span style="color: black;">)</span>,情景交融。这种方式将感情融会在特定的自然景物或生活场景中,借对比自然景物或场景的描摹刻画来抒发感情,是一种间接而含蓄的抒情方式。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3.</span>直接抒情。<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">叫作</span>直抒胸臆,是一种不要任何“附着物”,而由作者直接对<span style="color: black;">相关</span><span style="color: black;">名人</span>、事件等<span style="color: black;">显示</span>爱憎态度的一种抒情方式。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">4.</span>托物言志。托物言志<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>对物品的描写和叙述,表达自己的志向和意愿。托物言志的写作<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,最常用的有比喻、拟人、象征等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">5.</span>托物寓理。<span style="color: black;">通常</span>是哲理诗,如朱嘉的《观书有感》<span style="color: black;">(</span>其一<span style="color: black;">):</span>“半亩方塘一鉴开,天光云影共徘徊。问渠那得清如许,为有源头活水来。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">6.</span>用典。即在诗歌中援引史实,<span style="color: black;">运用</span>典故。古诗很讲究用典,这既可便诗歌语言精练,又可<span style="color: black;">增多</span>内容的丰富性,<span style="color: black;">增多</span>表达的生动性和含蓄性。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">8.</span>借古讽今。借<span style="color: black;">评估</span>古人及事件、达到讽今的目的。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>表现手法<span style="color: black;">: </span>联想、想象、衬托或烘托、渲染、象征、对比、对照、抑扬、照应、动静、正侧、直抒胸臆、借景抒情、融情于景、托物言志</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1.</span>联想<span style="color: black;">:</span>由一事物联系到与之<span style="color: black;">相关</span>的另一事物,或把事物中类似的特点联系起来<span style="color: black;">导致</span>一个典型。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2.</span>想象<span style="color: black;">:</span>人们在已有材料和观念<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上,经过联想、推断、分析、综合,创造出新的观念的思维过程。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3.</span>衬托或烘托<span style="color: black;">:</span>指的是以乙托甲,使甲的特点或特质更加突出,有正衬和反衬两种。或以动衬静,或以静衬动,或一动一静,相辅相成。<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>是乐景衬喜情,乐景衬哀情。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">4.</span>渲染<span style="color: black;">:</span>对环境、景物作多方面的描写形容,以<span style="color: black;">明显</span>形象,加强艺术效果。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">5.</span><span style="color: black;">象征</span><span style="color: black;">:</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">经过</span>特定的、容易<span style="color: black;">导致</span>联想的<span style="color: black;">详细</span>形象,表现与之<span style="color: black;">类似</span>的或相近特点的概念,思想和感情。 </span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">6.</span>对比对照<span style="color: black;">:</span>把两种<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的事物或情形作对照,互相比较。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">7.</span>抑扬<span style="color: black;">:</span>把要贬抑否定的方面和要肯定的方面<span style="color: black;">同期</span>说出来,只<span style="color: black;">明显</span>强调其中一个方面以达到抑此扬彼或抑彼扬此的目的。有先扬后抑或先抑后扬之分。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">8.</span>照应<span style="color: black;">:</span>指诗中对前面所写的作必要的回答。恰当运用这种<span style="color: black;">办法</span>使结构<span style="color: black;">显出</span>紧凑、严谨。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">9.</span>以动衬静(以静衬动)<span style="color: black;">:</span>对事物、景物作动态、静态的描写,两者相互映衬,构成一种情趣。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">10.</span><span style="color: black;">正侧</span><span style="color: black;">:</span><span style="color: black;">对描写对象进行正面的直接的描写是正面描写</span><span style="color: black;">;</span><span style="color: black;">描写对象<span style="color: black;">周边</span>的事物,使对象更鲜明、<span style="color: black;">明显</span>的是侧面描写。 </span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">11.</span>渲染:对环境、景物作多方面的描绘形容,以<span style="color: black;">明显</span>形象,<span style="color: black;">加强</span>艺术效果。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span>修辞手法:比喻、拟人、对比、借代、夸张、排比、用典、设问、反问、通感、双关、叠字、对偶、反复等。 </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1</span>、比喻,用一种事物或情景来比作另一种事物或情景。可分为明喻、暗喻、借喻。有<span style="color: black;">明显</span>事物特征,把抽象的事物形象化的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2</span><span style="color: black;">、借代,借用<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的事物来代替所要表达的事物。借代可用部分<span style="color: black;">表率</span>全体,<span style="color: black;">详细</span>代替抽象,用特征代替人。 </span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3</span>、夸张,对事物的形象、特征、<span style="color: black;">功效</span>、程度等作扩大或缩小的描述。有更<span style="color: black;">明显</span>、更鲜明地表达事物的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">4</span><span style="color: black;">、对偶,用结构相同、字数相同的一对句子或短语来表达两个相对或相近的意思。从形式看,语言简练,整齐对<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>;从内容看,<span style="color: black;">道理</span>集中含蓄。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">5</span>、比拟,把物当作人来描写叫拟人,或把人当作物来描写叫拟物。比拟有<span style="color: black;">促进</span>读者产生联想,使描写的人、物、事表现的更形象、生动的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">6</span><span style="color: black;">、排比,把内容紧密<span style="color: black;">相关</span>、结构相同或<span style="color: black;">类似</span>、语气一致的几个句子或短语接连说出来。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">7</span><span style="color: black;">、设问,先提出问题,接着自己把看法说出。问题引入,带动全篇,中间设问,承上启下,结尾设问,深化主题,令人回味。 </span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">8</span>、反问,用疑问的形式表达确定的意思。用来加强语气,表达<span style="color: black;">剧烈</span>感情。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">9</span>、起兴,兴是先言他物以<span style="color: black;">导致</span>所咏之辞。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">B、</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">鉴赏艺术形象</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">鉴赏<span style="color: black;">名人</span>形象</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">名人</span>形象有时指诗中塑造的<span style="color: black;">名人</span>形象,有时指诗中的诗人形象“我”,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>指的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>抒情主人公,即诗人自己。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(一)思路点拨:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1.看标题、注释,初步揣摩形象。标题<span style="color: black;">常常</span>有极强的暗示性,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>形象、情感都有提示。如标题“怀古”就暗示了一个抒发个人情感的词人形象和借古讽今、借古伤己的情感表达。如后面的注释为形象的理解与分析<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的参考信息。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2.赏景物<span style="color: black;">(</span>意象<span style="color: black;">)</span>,分析形象。抓住诗中所描写的景物、运用的意象来分析形象。景物描写能够对<span style="color: black;">名人</span>的心理起烘托<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,是<span style="color: black;">名人</span>心境的直接流露。如“城春草木深”描写了战乱后京城的荒芜,表达了诗人内心的<span style="color: black;">哀思</span>以及对国家命运的担忧。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3.抓描写,分析形象。抓住诗歌中<span style="color: black;">名人</span>的“肖像”“动作”“语言”“神情”“心理”等描写,<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是细节描写,仔细分析相应的<span style="color: black;">重要</span>词,探寻<span style="color: black;">名人</span>的形象特点。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">4.借助意象和典故,展开联想和想象,感知形象。如“闲来垂钓碧溪上,忽复乘舟梦日边。”刻画了怀才不遇却又对人生前途充满<span style="color: black;">阳光</span>豪迈气概的诗人形象。如<span style="color: black;">"</span>白头搔更短”描绘了一个忧国伤时,念家悲己的诗人形象。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(二)鉴赏<span style="color: black;">名人</span>形象<span style="color: black;">3</span><span style="color: black;">过程</span>:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">过程</span>一:概括<span style="color: black;">名人</span>形象特点。概括时采用“性格+身份”的格式,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>:为国杀敌的边关将士形象。。<span style="color: black;">名人</span>形象<span style="color: black;">一般</span>有:<span style="color: black;">1</span>、不慕权贵、豪放洒脱、傲岸不羁的形象。<span style="color: black;">2</span>、心忧天下、忧国忧民的形象。<span style="color: black;">3</span>、寄情山水、归隐田园的隐者形象。<span style="color: black;">4</span>、怀才不遇、壮志难酬的形象。<span style="color: black;">5</span>、矢志报国、慷慨愤世的形象。<span style="color: black;">6</span>、友人送别、思念故乡的形象。<span style="color: black;">7</span>、献身边塞、反对征伐的形象。<span style="color: black;">8</span>、爱恨情长的形象。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">过程</span>二:结合诗句分析形象。要联系标题、诗句、背景等,分点概括分析。<span style="color: black;">名人</span>形象常用词语:不慕权贵、豪放洒脱、傲岸不羁、心忧天下、忧国忧民、寄情山水、归隐田园、怀才不遇、壮志难酬、慷慨愤世、矢志报国、报国<span style="color: black;">没</span>门、建功立业、友人送别、思念故乡、献身边塞、反对征伐、爱恨情长、悯农怜农、热爱山川、哀叹昔盛今衰等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">过程</span>三:概括形象所寄寓的感情或<span style="color: black;">包含</span>的哲理。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">鉴赏事物形象</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">事物形象<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>诗人借助<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>某种特定内涵的事物,如花鸟虫鱼等来<span style="color: black;">显示</span>自己的心迹或某种情感。如咏物诗。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(一)思路点拨:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1、借<span style="color: black;">关联</span>语句或<span style="color: black;">重要</span>词来分析物象。事物的形象并不是凭空而来的,它<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>诗句来表现,有时<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">重要</span>词语来<span style="color: black;">明显</span>,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>在分析时<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要结合<span style="color: black;">关联</span>内容进行分析。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2</span>、要由表及里把物的含义挖掘出来。任何一首诗作,其目的不是咏物本身,而是为了表达某种感情。<span style="color: black;">3</span>、要知人论世,结合背景或作者阅历作答。<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>作品是有时代背景的,其情感的抒发与作者的阅历有着千丝万缕的联系。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>在分析物象后,还要结合<span style="color: black;">关联</span>背景做深入分析。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(二)鉴赏事物形象“<span style="color: black;">3</span><span style="color: black;">过程</span>”:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">过程</span>一:概括物象的基本特征<span style="color: black;">(</span>自然属性<span style="color: black;">)</span>。这一步<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是提炼<span style="color: black;">表现</span>物象描写特征的词语<span style="color: black;">(</span>描写物象的形态、色泽、特征以及所处的环境等<span style="color: black;">)</span>,概括其外在<span style="color: black;">特殊</span>,挖掘物象内在的品格和精神。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">过程</span>二:链接“物”的特点与“人”的品格。这一步<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是将“物”与“人”之间的<span style="color: black;">类似</span>点或<span style="color: black;">关联</span>点连接起来。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">过程</span>三:点出物象的<span style="color: black;">道理</span><span style="color: black;">(</span>社会属性<span style="color: black;">)</span>。这一步<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是<span style="color: black;">知道</span>诗人借助物象所抒发的感情或表现的寓意,要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>联系诗人的经历或<span style="color: black;">关联</span>背景。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">鉴赏景物形象</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">景物形象<span style="color: black;">平常</span>于抒情诗中,<span style="color: black;">常常</span>是借助客观景象(山川草木等)表现出来的主观感情形象,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>含有“意”的形象,即“意象”。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(一)思路点拨:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1、<span style="color: black;">寻找诗歌中的<span style="color: black;">详细</span>景物,<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">恰当</span>的想象,再现诗歌中的画面,<span style="color: black;">从而</span>把握景物形象。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2、<span style="color: black;">关注诗歌中景物的特点,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>色彩、远近,季节,动静</span></span><span style="color: black;">等,感知</span><span style="color: black;">景物形象的特点。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3、<span style="color: black;">借助意象,品味意境,品味感情。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">4</span><span style="color: black;">、</span>关注题目,<span style="color: black;">注意</span>注释。在诗歌题目中,有时候会告诉<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>写景的时间、处所,便于<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>理解景物形象。<span style="color: black;">同期</span>,诗歌的注释有时候会解释景物的特点等<span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(二)鉴赏景物形象“<span style="color: black;">3</span><span style="color: black;">过程</span>”:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">过程</span>一:找意象,组画面<span style="color: black;">(</span>描绘诗中展现的图景画面<span style="color: black;">)</span>。要联想、想象再创造,语言力求优美。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">过程</span>二:析特点,悟意境<span style="color: black;">(</span>概括景物所营造的氛围特点<span style="color: black;">)</span>。概括时<span style="color: black;">通常</span>用两个双音节词<span style="color: black;">就可</span>,如孤寂冷清、恬静优美、雄浑壮阔、萧瑟凄凉等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">过程</span>三:表感情,明<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;">(</span>分析作者的思想感情<span style="color: black;">)</span>。<span style="color: black;">按照</span>意境氛围的特点来分析作者的思想感情或景物暗含的寓意。答案要<span style="color: black;">详细</span>,切忌空洞,答题时应<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>点出描绘的意象和意境所表达的感情,点明其在创设背景、表情达意、表现<span style="color: black;">名人</span>性格方面的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">C</span><span style="color: black;">、把握情感</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">一</span><span style="color: black;">.</span><span style="color: black;">关注题目,推知情感。</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">诗歌题目有时<span style="color: black;">知道</span>了写作的目的、背景等,<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的写作目的和背景,<span style="color: black;">常常</span>能够提示抒发什么情感。诗题形式上的标志词有:思、别、送、谪、行、咏、登、寄、赠、感、遇、访、题<span style="color: black;">......</span>关注诗歌题目、知晓诗歌内容,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>推知诗歌情感:<span style="color: black;">1.</span>“题”、“访”,写景抒情诗,歌咏山水名胜、描写自然景色。<span style="color: black;">2.</span>“咏”、“感”,咏物言志诗,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>所咏之物<span style="color: black;">拜托</span>诗人品质或理想。<span style="color: black;">3.</span>“谪”,即事感怀诗,因一事而<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>感慨,<span style="color: black;">包含</span><span style="color: black;">拜别</span>之事,迁谪之事等。<span style="color: black;">4.</span>“行”边塞征战诗,描写边塞风光和戍边将士的军旅生活等。<span style="color: black;">5.</span>“送”、“别”,送别诗,分别时的依依不舍、对友人的祝愿、牵挂<span style="color: black;">......</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">二</span><span style="color: black;">.</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">知道</span>题材,分析情感。</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">中考常考查的诗歌类型<span style="color: black;">(</span>按题材<span style="color: black;">归类</span><span style="color: black;">)</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>咏史怀古诗、山水田园诗、送别诗、羁旅行役诗、边塞诗、咏物诗、讽喻诗等。考生对古诗词<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的题材表达的<span style="color: black;">详细</span>情感内涵先有一个总体的认识,考生在鉴赏<span style="color: black;">详细</span>诗歌时<span style="color: black;">能够</span>做到心中有数,从容不迫。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">田园诗<span style="color: black;">: </span>热爱、向往悠闲平静自由的生活,表达恬淡闲适的心情。写景诗<span style="color: black;">: </span>描绘春夏秋冬、山川美景,表达对自然美景的热爱赞美之情。送别诗<span style="color: black;">: </span>依依不舍的留恋<span style="color: black;">;</span>对友人的思念,劝勉安慰的豁达<span style="color: black;">;</span>坦陈心志的告白。行旅诗<span style="color: black;">: </span>游子漂泊在外<span style="color: black;">(</span>久戌边关、久宦在外<span style="color: black;">) </span>的孤独寂寞和对家乡、亲人的思念。咏物诗<span style="color: black;">: </span>借某物的特点来表达自己的人格品性。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">三</span><span style="color: black;">.</span><span style="color: black;">关注作者,<span style="color: black;">认识</span>风格。</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">经过</span>诗人来<span style="color: black;">认识</span>古诗词的情感是一个很好的进入方向,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>,古代的<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>诗人都有其自己的写作风格以及写作的倾向,<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>诗人<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>就能大概<span style="color: black;">认识</span>某诗的内容及情感。陶渊明<span style="color: black;">:</span>恬淡平和。王维<span style="color: black;">: </span>诗中有画。杜甫<span style="color: black;">: </span>沉郁顿挫。李清照<span style="color: black;">: </span>婉约含蓄。当然,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不是说某个诗人<span style="color: black;">必定</span>就会写什么诗,<span style="color: black;">区别</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,心情、情感<span style="color: black;">区别</span>,写出的诗<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是有差异的。要<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">实质</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span>分析。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">四</span><span style="color: black;">.</span><span style="color: black;">关注注释,<span style="color: black;">认识</span>背景。</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">注释,是古诗词中很<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的部分,不仅要借助注释更好地理解诗歌内容,更要<span style="color: black;">认识</span>诗歌写作的背景,从而领会诗歌情感。如注释中“作者被贬官”、“作者离开家乡”、“安史之乱”等要紧密联系分析情感。、</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">五</span><span style="color: black;">.</span><span style="color: black;">品味词句,体会感情。</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">关注诗歌中的<span style="color: black;">重要</span>词或诗眼。<span style="color: black;">所说</span>“诗眼”,<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>一首或一句诗中最精练最传神的最能<span style="color: black;">表现</span>作者思想观点、情感态度的,<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>概括性、生动性或情趣性的词语,它<span style="color: black;">通常</span>是动词或形容词。如“孤舟蓑笠翁,独钓寒江雪”中的“孤”字<span style="color: black;">便是</span>表达孤独、孤傲以及现实中遭到打击的悲观愤懑而又超尘脱俗、悠然自得之情。 又如白居易《钱塘湖春行》“最爱 ”表达作者对西湖之景的<span style="color: black;">喜欢</span>;马致远《天净沙 秋思》“断肠 ”表达漂泊在外游子的孤独、思乡之情。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">6、</span>熟知意象,感受意境。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">诗歌的意象<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">指的是</span>自然意象,即取自大自然的借以<span style="color: black;">拜托</span>情思的物象。古人以为意是内在的抽象的心意,象是外在的<span style="color: black;">详细</span>的物象;意源于内心并借助于象来表达,象其实是意的<span style="color: black;">拜托</span>物。意象<span style="color: black;">指的是</span><span style="color: black;">形成</span>一种意境的各个事物,这种事物<span style="color: black;">常常</span>带有作者主观的情感。月<span style="color: black;">-</span>思乡思亲,传达离愁别恨、寂寞思归之情。夕阳、落日 <span style="color: black;">-</span>凄凉失落、忧郁之情。流水、落花 <span style="color: black;">-</span>青春易逝、人生<span style="color: black;">没</span>常的感伤与哀愁。烟雾、寒霜 <span style="color: black;">-</span>哀怨、惆怅、凄苦等情思。杨柳<span style="color: black;">-</span><span style="color: black;">拜别</span>难舍等情思。梅、兰、竹、菊、松一高洁坚贞之志。鸦、猿、杜鹃 一凄苦<span style="color: black;">悲伤</span>之情。孤雁<span style="color: black;">-</span>孤独、思乡。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">★</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">【例题解析】</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span></span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">阅读下面</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">诗词</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">,</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">完成题目</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">水仙子·舟中</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">孙周卿</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 孤舟夜泊洞庭边,灯火青荧对客船。朔风吹老梅花片,推开篷雪满天。诗豪与风雪争先。雪片与风鏖战,诗和雪缴缠。一笑琅然。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">问题:</span></span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">分析</span><span style="color: black;">“</span><span style="color: black;">诗豪与风雪争先,雪片与风鏖战,诗和雪缴缠</span><span style="color: black;">”</span><span style="color: black;">使用的两种修辞手法。(</span><span style="color: black;">4</span><span style="color: black;">分)</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 试题分析:</span><span style="color: black;">“</span><span style="color: black;">诗豪与风雪争先,雪片与风鏖战,诗行和雪缴缠</span><span style="color: black;">”</span><span style="color: black;">,运用了比拟和排比的手法,意思说诗人顿时诗兴大作,迫不及待要同风雪争先,表现出诗人<span style="color: black;">昂贵</span>的诗兴。雪片与暴风搅作一团,诗人的诗句又同飞雪互相纠缠。排比的手法写出了风雪的劲猛,渲染了湖上风雪翻飞之景象,别具一种雄豪的阳刚之美,描绘出一幅壮观的江天风雪行吟图。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">办法</span>指引:</span><span style="color: black;">本题考查鉴赏诗歌的修辞手法,这类题目<span style="color: black;">通常</span>的提问方式是:这首诗(词)用了<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>修辞手法?这类题目的答题思路是:<span style="color: black;">第1</span>步明手法,准确指出用了何种修辞手法;第二步阐运用,结合诗句阐释这种修辞手法在诗文中是<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>运用的;第三步析效果,指出此种修辞手法有何效果,传达出诗人<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>的感情。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">答题模式:</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">揭示修辞手法</span><span style="color: black;">+</span><span style="color: black;">分析表达<span style="color: black;">功效</span>(句意</span><span style="color: black;">+</span><span style="color: black;">文意</span><span style="color: black;">+</span><span style="color: black;">主旨情感)。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">参考答案:</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">比拟、排比。</span><span style="color: black;">“</span><span style="color: black;">诗豪与风雪争先</span><span style="color: black;">”“</span><span style="color: black;">雪片与风鏖战</span><span style="color: black;">”</span><span style="color: black;">,用</span><span style="color: black;">“</span><span style="color: black;">争先</span><span style="color: black;">”“</span><span style="color: black;">鏖战</span><span style="color: black;">”</span><span style="color: black;">把</span><span style="color: black;">“</span><span style="color: black;">诗豪</span><span style="color: black;">”“</span><span style="color: black;">风</span><span style="color: black;">”</span><span style="color: black;">和</span><span style="color: black;">“</span><span style="color: black;">雪</span><span style="color: black;">”</span><span style="color: black;">拟人化,</span><span style="color: black;">“</span><span style="color: black;">诗和雪缴缠</span><span style="color: black;">”</span><span style="color: black;">,用</span><span style="color: black;">“</span><span style="color: black;">缴缠</span><span style="color: black;">”</span><span style="color: black;">将</span><span style="color: black;">“</span><span style="color: black;">诗</span><span style="color: black;">”</span><span style="color: black;">拟物,把抽象的</span><span style="color: black;">“</span><span style="color: black;">诗</span><span style="color: black;">”</span><span style="color: black;">具象化,生动形象地描写风雪交加的壮美,表现作者迸发的诗情。</span><span style="color: black;">“</span><span style="color: black;">诗豪与风雪争先,雪片与风鏖战,诗和雪缴缠</span><span style="color: black;">”</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">形成</span>排比句,描写了作者的诗情与风雪难分难解的关系,渲染了气氛。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>阅读下面这首宋诗,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>回答问题。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">次石湖<span style="color: black;">1</span>书扇韵</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">姜夔<span style="color: black;">[</span>宋<span style="color: black;">] 2</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">桥西一曲水通村,岸阁浮萍绿有痕。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">家住石湖人不到,藕花多处别开门。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【注】<span style="color: black;">1</span>石湖<span style="color: black;">:</span>南宋诗人范成大<span style="color: black;">(1126-1193)</span>晚年去职归隐石湖<span style="color: black;">(</span>在今江苏苏州<span style="color: black;">)</span>,自号石湖居士。<span style="color: black;">2</span>姜夔<span style="color: black;">(1155-1221?):</span>字尧章,号白石道人,饶州鄱阳<span style="color: black;">(</span>今江西波阳 <span style="color: black;">)</span>人,浪迹江湖,终生不仕。淳熙十四年<span style="color: black;">(1187)</span>夏,曾去拜见范成大,这首诗约作于此时。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">问题<span style="color: black;">:</span>这首诗描绘了一幅什么样的画面 <span style="color: black;">?</span><span style="color: black;">是由于</span><span style="color: black;">那些</span>景物<span style="color: black;">形成</span>的 <span style="color: black;">?</span>请简要叙述。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">解析<span style="color: black;">:</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(一)答题<span style="color: black;">过程</span><span style="color: black;">:</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">(1)</span>考生要用自己的语言把诗歌中所描写的意象、所营造的意境描摹出来。<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>考生须要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>两点,一是要用自己的语言,切忌直接引用诗歌中的句子<span style="color: black;">;</span>二是只须描摹出诗歌中<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的景物,不必<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>景物都描摹。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">(2)</span>描摹出景物后,考生要结合诗歌主旨分析<span style="color: black;">为何</span>诗<span style="color: black;">(</span>词<span style="color: black;">)</span>人要塑造这一形象。<span style="color: black;">而后</span>,用一句简练的话语概括这些景物所营造的意境的特点,如雄浑壮阔、高阔深远、恬静优美、萧瑟凄凉、生机勃勃、孤寂冷清等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">(3)</span><span style="color: black;">按照</span>诗歌意境的特点分析诗<span style="color: black;">(</span>词<span style="color: black;">)</span>人的思想感情。诗<span style="color: black;">(</span>词<span style="color: black;">)</span>人的思想感情<span style="color: black;">通常</span>可表述为<span style="color: black;">:</span>愉悦、欢快、激动、豪迈、沉痛、<span style="color: black;">气愤</span>、<span style="color: black;">悲伤</span>等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">答案<span style="color: black;">:</span>诗歌描绘了一幅清幽恬静的江南水乡画面,写了小桥、流水、村庄、绿岸、浮萍、荷花、人家、庭院等景物。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(二)答题模板<span style="color: black;">:</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">(1)</span>鉴赏古代诗歌中的形象<span style="color: black;">:</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1</span>找出诗 <span style="color: black;">(</span>词<span style="color: black;">)</span>人描绘形象的<span style="color: black;">相关</span>语句。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2</span>分析形象的基本内涵。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3</span>结合<span style="color: black;">文案</span>主旨分析诗<span style="color: black;">(</span>词<span style="color: black;">)</span>人<span style="color: black;">为何</span>要塑造这一形象。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">4</span>概括出形象的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>或效果。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">(2)</span>体会古代诗歌的意境<span style="color: black;">:</span>客观景物 <span style="color: black;">+</span>主观感受 <span style="color: black;">+</span>意境特点。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1</span>找出诗歌中所描写的景物。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2</span>展开联想和想象,用自己的语言再现诗<span style="color: black;">(</span>词<span style="color: black;">)</span>人描写的画面。要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>再现画面时既要忠于原诗歌,又要力求语言优美。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3</span>点明景物所营造的意境的特点。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">4</span>分析诗<span style="color: black;">(</span>词<span style="color: black;">)</span>人所描写的画面表达了诗<span style="color: black;">(</span>词<span style="color: black;">)</span>人<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>的思想感情,或给人什么样的启示。考生须<span style="color: black;">重视</span>答案要<span style="color: black;">详细</span>完整,切忌空洞。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span>读下面这首词,思考:</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">辛弃疾<span style="color: black;">为何</span>要“拍手笑沙鸥”</span><span style="color: black;">?</span><span style="color: black;">这句话在表情达意上有什么特点</span><span style="color: black;">?</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">菩萨蛮·金陵赏心亭为叶丞相赋</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">辛弃疾</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">青山欲共高人语,联翩万马来<span style="color: black;">没</span>数。烟雨却低回,望来终不来。 人言头上发,总向愁中白。拍手笑沙鸥<span style="color: black;">,</span>一身都是愁。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【注释】①叶丞相<span style="color: black;">:</span>叶衡<span style="color: black;">,</span>是一位<span style="color: black;">特别有</span>才干的主战派官员。《宋史·叶衡传》说他“得治兵之要”。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">[</span>解题思路<span style="color: black;">]</span><span style="color: black;">第1</span>问、要联系注释和句子的意思。最后两句的意思是他看到那雪白的沙鸥,因<span style="color: black;">白头</span>象征“愁”,想到沙鸥“一身都是愁”,<span style="color: black;">忍不住</span>拍手嘲笑。第二问,<span style="color: black;">必须</span>分析这句话的写作特点。说沙鸥“一身都是愁”,用拟人化的手法调侃,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>愁苦能催白头发,那沙鸥就一身是愁。词人的目的不在于写沙鸥,而是抒情,其表情达意的方式在于借调侃沙鸥浑身都是愁,用<span style="color: black;">容易</span>诙谐的方式,含蓄地写出了词人的愁苦,愁苦更加隐晦。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">[</span>参考答案<span style="color: black;">]</span>结尾两句,他看到那雪白的沙鸥,因<span style="color: black;">白头</span>象征“愁”,想到沙鸥“一身都是愁”,乃至拍手嘲笑。这句话用拟人化的手法调侃,虽着笔轻快,实则满含积郁。贯穿全词的“愁”并未消失,强自解愁的幽默洒脱之语,含蓄地写出了词人的愁苦,愁苦更加隐晦。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">【2021扬州中考】</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">阅读诗歌,完成1-2题</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">(</span><span style="color: black;">5</span><span style="color: black;">分)</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">清平乐·独宿博山王氏庵</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">[</span>宋<span style="color: black;">]</span>辛弃疾</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">绕床饥鼠<span style="color: black;">,</span>蝙蝠翻灯舞。屋上松风吹急雨,破纸窗间自语。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">平生塞北江南<span style="color: black;">,</span>归来华发苍颜。布被秋宵梦觉,眼前万里江山。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">[</span>注释<span style="color: black;">]</span>这首词为辛弃疾赋闲隐居江西上饶一带时所作。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1.</span>简要概括“屋上松风吹急雨<span style="color: black;">,</span>破纸窗间自语”渲染了什 么气氛。<span style="color: black;">(2</span>分<span style="color: black;">) </span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【答案】词人<span style="color: black;">经过</span>环境的萧索破败<span style="color: black;">,</span>渲染了荒凉孤独的气氛。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【解析】考查分析词句的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。<span style="color: black;">首要</span>要扣住词句所描写的意象,<span style="color: black;">而后</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>分析其特点,概括其环境</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">特点。这句诗的意象有<span style="color: black;">:</span>风雨、纸窗。其特点是<span style="color: black;">:</span>风雨给人以凄冷之感<span style="color: black;">;</span>纸窗用一个“破”字来修饰,更显出环境气氛的破败荒凉。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2.下片采用了虚实结合的写法<span style="color: black;">,</span>请赏析。<span style="color: black;">(3</span>分<span style="color: black;">)</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【答案】从塞北辗转江南如今归隐山林<span style="color: black;">,</span><span style="color: black;">已经是</span>容颜苍老满头<span style="color: black;">白头</span>。这是词人回顾自己的<span style="color: black;">一辈子</span>经历,是实写<span style="color: black;">;</span>词人<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>从梦中惊醒<span style="color: black;">,</span>眼前依稀还是梦中的辽阔河山,则是虚写<span style="color: black;">:</span>虚实结合的写法,表现词人即使年迈,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不忘收复失地、一统国家的大业。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【解析】考查分析诗词的表现手法。作答时,<span style="color: black;">首要</span>结合词句指出虚写和实写的内容分别是什么,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>分析其表达效果。“平生塞北江南”意思是从塞北辗转江南,这是词人对自己戎马生涯的回顾和概括<span style="color: black;">;</span>归来华发苍颜”这是词人对自己当前肖像的刻画,这些都是眼前实景,属于实写。“布被秋宵梦觉,眼前万里江山”<span style="color: black;">,</span>一阵凄冷的秋风吹透了单薄的布被<span style="color: black;">,</span>词人<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>惊醒,眼前依稀还是梦中的万里江山。尽管环境<span style="color: black;">卑劣</span><span style="color: black;">,</span>壮志难酬,但词人心中念念不忘的仍然是被异邦侵占的国土,而这些都只能在梦中呈现。这属于虚写。虚实结合,更能<span style="color: black;">明显</span>词人内心的<span style="color: black;">气愤</span>不已和<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>收复失地、统一祖国的<span style="color: black;">剧烈</span>愿望。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span></span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">【</span><span style="color: black;">2020</span><span style="color: black;">镇江中考】</span></span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">阅读下面这首诗,完成</span><span style="color: black;">3-5</span><span style="color: black;">题。</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">(</span><span style="color: black;">6</span><span style="color: black;">分)</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">雪</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">[</span>唐<span style="color: black;">]</span>杜荀鹤</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">风搅长空寒骨生,先于晓色报窗明。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">江湖不见飞禽影<span style="color: black;">,</span>岩谷时闻折竹声。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">巢穴几多<span style="color: black;">类似</span>处,路岐<span style="color: black;">"</span>兼得<span style="color: black;">通常</span>平。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">拥袍公子休言冷<span style="color: black;">,</span>中有樵夫跣足行。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">[</span>注<span style="color: black;">] </span>①岐<span style="color: black;">:</span>同“歧”。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3.</span>首联中哪一个字奠定了全诗的情感基调<span style="color: black;">?(1</span>分<span style="color: black;">)</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【答案】寒。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【解析】本题考查理解诗歌情感能力。诗歌借大雪天冷寒<span style="color: black;">,</span>写出了见有钱之人裹袍喊着冷<span style="color: black;">,</span>贫困樵夫赤脚雪中行走<span style="color: black;">,</span>诗人内心的寒冷。一个“寒”字抒发了诗人对贫富悬殊的社会现实的不满之情<span style="color: black;">,</span>表达了对贫穷<span style="color: black;">大众</span>的同情。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">4.</span>前三联不见“雪”字<span style="color: black;">,</span>却处处写“雪”<span style="color: black;">,</span>请结合诗句分析。<span style="color: black;">(3</span>分<span style="color: black;">)</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【答案】“窗明”是<span style="color: black;">因为</span>雪的映衬“不见飞禽影”暗写雪大“折竹声暗写雪重“巢穴”多<span style="color: black;">类似</span>、“路岐”<span style="color: black;">通常</span>平<span style="color: black;">,</span>暗写厚雪覆盖。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【解析】“窗明”是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>窗外白雪的映衬。“不见飞禽影”是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>雪大<span style="color: black;">,</span><span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">食品</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>寻觅<span style="color: black;">,</span><span style="color: black;">因此</span>才不见飞禽。“折竹声”是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>雪大而重<span style="color: black;">,</span>才压折了竹子。“巢穴几多<span style="color: black;">类似</span>处<span style="color: black;">,</span>路岐兼得<span style="color: black;">通常</span>平”巢穴有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">类似</span>的<span style="color: black;">地区</span><span style="color: black;">,</span>岔路口雪覆盖大地看起来都<span style="color: black;">同样</span>平坦。<span style="color: black;">由于</span>白雪的覆盖<span style="color: black;">,</span>天地间尽是白茫茫一片<span style="color: black;">,</span>再<span style="color: black;">没</span>区别。本诗<span style="color: black;">没</span>一字写雪<span style="color: black;">,</span>却处处写雪。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">5.</span><span style="color: black;">尾联反映了<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>的社会现实?试做简要分析。(</span><span style="color: black;">2</span><span style="color: black;">分)</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【答案】社会现实<span style="color: black;">:</span>贫富悬殊。分析<span style="color: black;">:</span>同一朝代<span style="color: black;">,</span>有钱之人裹袍<span style="color: black;">(</span>屋内<span style="color: black;">)</span>喊着冷<span style="color: black;">,</span>贫困樵夫赤脚<span style="color: black;">(</span>担柴<span style="color: black;">)</span>雪中行。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【解析】本题考查分析诗歌主旨的能力。“拥袍公子休言冷<span style="color: black;">,</span>中有樵夫跣足行”的意思是穿着棉袍公子不要说天气冷<span style="color: black;">,</span>路上还有打柴的人光着脚走路。生活于同一个世界里的人,有钱人穿着棉袍,待在屋子里还说冷,而以打柴为生的穷人却在光着脚走路,两相对比,揭示了贫富悬殊的社会现实。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span>阅读下面的宋诗,完成</span> <span style="color: black;">3~4</span><span style="color: black;">题</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">。</span><span style="color: black;">(5 </span><span style="color: black;">分</span><span style="color: black;">)</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">画眉鸟</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">欧阳修</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">百啭千声随意移,山花红紫树高低。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">始知锁向金笼听<span style="color: black;">,</span>不及林间自在啼。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3.</span>本诗前两句写景,请展开想象<span style="color: black;">,</span>描绘诗句中所展现的画面。<span style="color: black;">(2</span>分<span style="color: black;">)</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【参考答案】画眉鸟千啼百啭,随着自己的心意在林间飞翔,在那姹紫嫣红的山花间和高高低低的枝头自由自在地穿梭。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【解析】在理解诗句意思的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上,结合<span style="color: black;">重要</span>词“百啭”“随意移”“山花”“红紫”“树”“高低”,发挥想象,从鸟鸣、鸟飞、山花开放、树林浓密四个<span style="color: black;">方向</span>描绘出林间美好的景象<span style="color: black;">就可</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">4.本诗运用了什么表现手法<span style="color: black;">?</span>表达了诗人<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>的思想感情<span style="color: black;">?(3</span>分<span style="color: black;">)</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【参考答案】诗人运用对比的手法描写画眉鸟。表达了诗人对自由的赞美之情和对<span style="color: black;">捆绑</span>个性、桎梏性灵的憎恶之意。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【解析】 结合诗句“百啭千声随意移”“始知锁向金笼听”可知,诗人运用对比的手法描写了两种画眉鸟:一种是在山林中自由鸣叫、飞翔的,一种是被锁在笼子里的。前者自由,故鸣声婉转<span style="color: black;">;</span>后者受<span style="color: black;">捆绑</span>,故鸣声“不及林间自在啼”。显然,本诗反映了诗人对自由生活的追求和赞美,以及对被<span style="color: black;">捆绑</span>的憎恶。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/Ljib4So7yuWgual84nQr2NkfjXwtXTB6a06q9cvIASky28b6aFTC5v1lfxga6F5r1Merl9ZxcBVCicHS61DhyW5w/640?wx_fmt=gif&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">【初中语文古诗文+现代文阅读常</span></a>见考点讲解与训练(全国通用)解析版】| 专题01 古诗词阅读提分妙招之比较阅读<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">声</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">明:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">本公众号所有<span style="color: black;">文案</span>均由</span><span style="color: black;">馨月话韵</span><span style="color: black;">编辑整理,除原创内容及<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>说明之外,其余稿件文字及<span style="color: black;">照片</span>均来自值得<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>学习的网络及各大主流<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>,旨在学习与分享,版权归原作者所有。如因第三方<span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>意间侵犯了您的著作权益,请联系<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>删除。如您<span style="color: black;">必须</span>转载本文请申请授权并标明准确出处。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">你花了 </strong></span><strong style="color: blue;"> · <span style="color: black;"> 来阅读</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">点个 </strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/s3qOk8ozxicel9ZvZzk8J9mk35qAtsgtuh26XzZISm4odTzpU9M8mRicAqzRgYJpOyniaT4hD0MYJibGYGiaCuvOICw/640?wx_fmt=gif&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"> 再走吧~</strong></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">去下方给小馨月点个<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">“赞”</strong></span>和<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">“在看”</strong></span>呗!你的支持是我<span style="color: black;">持续</span><span style="color: black;">奋斗</span>的动力</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/r5XhvoWbpX5PhhrX27Ej313fdxDIiclFaHH6YV2yeg3yatvjOxibicB6aAn4uaiaJt5TNXkpTmQkYrQz4pmA0UDB6w/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></strong><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">今天的<span style="color: black;">文案</span>就到<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>,你都对了吗?欢迎在下方留言。</span></strong></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/AJywGTMj04vregS3gzg7SgFTHFI2RMfEKP6ty5bWBGxtXbGibfXPpTWkHyibpM46icvt8OOsLxP33SGBCdhaRoX3g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/Ljib4So7yuWhRkXWibqVZvOHibdS2KKDicrmciaN1Sr30BoDQ4U05KDVYwckibeYNFM9gzATl4I8dxbF8eVib5lTjHKUw/640?wx_fmt=gif&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/AJywGTMj04sgeSRkdIW7nMLqYRZ7etXPB29ULXt1SRvTcrpiacItc9IMYzlmibEozjSA0RU7kDNhVxUzddZACm0g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">结束,是另一种<span style="color: black;">起始</span></span></strong></span></p>
说得好啊!我在外链论坛打滚这么多年,所谓阅人无数,就算没有见过猪走路,也总明白猪肉是啥味道的。 “NB”(牛×的缩写,表示叹为观止)
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