医学生笔记（急救药物内外科口诀）（个人笔记，仅供参考）
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲亢症，很特殊，眼睛大，脖子粗。烦热多汗夜失眠，<span style="color: black;">心情</span>波动手振颤。脉搏增快心里慌，高压高来低压降。食欲亢进体重减，停经脱发常<span style="color: black;">显现</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲状腺乳头状癌</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">乳头状癌女多见，病程长达数十年。原发病灶常<span style="color: black;">通常</span>，继发病灶较<span style="color: black;">显著</span>。青年人，生长慢，淋巴转移是特点。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">内科学口诀 循环系统</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、急性心衰治疗原则</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">端坐位 腿下垂 强心利尿打吗啡 血管扩张氨茶碱 激素结扎来放血激素，镇静，吸氧</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、心原性水肿和肾原性水肿的鉴别</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">心足肾眼颜， 肾快心原慢。心坚少移动，软移是肾原。 蛋白.血.管尿，肾高眼底变。心肝大杂音，静压往高变。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">第1</span>句是<span style="color: black;">起始</span>部位，第二句是发展速度，三四句是水肿性质，后四句是<span style="color: black;">伴同</span>症状。"肾高"的"高"指高血压,"心肝大"指心大和肝大。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3、冠心病的临床表现</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">平时<span style="color: black;">没</span>体征， <span style="color: black;">爆发</span>有表情， 焦虑出汗皮肤冷， <span style="color: black;">心率</span>加快血压升， 交替脉，偶可见， 奔马律，杂音清， 逆****，第二音。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4、心力<span style="color: black;">衰尽</span>的诱因：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">感染<span style="color: black;">错乱</span>心失常 过劳剧变<span style="color: black;">包袱</span>重 贫血甲亢肺栓塞 治疗<span style="color: black;">欠妥</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>心衰</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5、右心衰的体征： 三水两大及其他</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">三水：水肿、胸水、腹水 两大：肝肿大和压痛、颈静脉充盈或怒张 其他：右心奔马律、收缩期吹风性杂音、紫绀</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6、洋地黄类<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的禁忌症：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肥厚梗阻二尖窄 急性心梗伴心衰 二度高度房室阻 预激病窦<span style="color: black;">不该</span>该</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">7、阵发性室上性心动过速的治疗：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">刺迷胆碱洋地黄，升压电复抗失常 （注：“刺迷”为刺激迷走神经）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">8、继发性高血压的病因：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">两肾原醛嗜铬瘤、皮质动脉和妊高</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">（注：“两肾”——肾实质性高血压、肾血管性高血压；“原醛”——原发性醛固酮<span style="color: black;">增加</span>症；“嗜铬瘤”——嗜铬细胞瘤；“皮质”——皮质醇<span style="color: black;">增加</span>症；“动脉”——主动脉缩窄；“妊高”——妊娠高血压）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">9、心肌梗塞的症状：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>发热过速心 恶心呕吐失常心 低压休克<span style="color: black;">衰尽</span>心</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">十、</span>心梗的并发症：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">心梗并发五种症 动脉栓塞心室膨 乳头断裂心脏破 梗塞后期综合症</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">11、心梗与其他<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的鉴别</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">痛哭流涕、肺腑之言</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">痛——心绞痛；流——主动脉瘤夹层分离；腑——急腹症；肺——急性肺动脉栓塞；言——急性心包炎。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">12、主动脉瓣狭窄的表现： 难、痛、晕</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">13、二尖瓣狭窄</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">症状：吸血咳嘶（<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难、咯血、咳嗽、声嘶。）体征：可参考《诊断学》<span style="color: black;">关联</span>内容。并发症：房颤有血栓，水肿右室衰，内膜感染少，肺部感染多。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">14、主动脉瓣狭窄</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">症状：难、痛、晕。（<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难，心绞痛，晕厥或晕厥先兆。）体征：可参考《诊断学》<span style="color: black;">关联</span>内容。并发症：失常猝死心<span style="color: black;">衰尽</span>、内膜血栓胃<span style="color: black;">流血</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">15、左心衰：端坐位，腿下垂，吸氧打吗啡，快强心，速利尿，茶碱扩管药</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">16、抗高血压药利尿杯阻,阻钙抑酶加阻</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">利尿剂,肾上腺能B受体阻滞剂,钙离子通道阻滞剂及血管紧张素转化酶<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">17、抗高血压药<span style="color: black;">重视</span> (1)酶尿<span style="color: black;">不消</span>孕. (2)杯阻<span style="color: black;">不可</span>肺. (3)尿杯<span style="color: black;">不消</span>糖尿病. (4).心衰<span style="color: black;">不消</span>钙杯</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">利尿剂因减少血容量,<span style="color: black;">不该</span>用于孕妇;ACE<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂影响胎儿<span style="color: black;">亦</span>勿用.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B受体阻滞剂<span style="color: black;">不可</span>用于哮踹j及COPD,因<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>支气管狭窄.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">噻嗪类利尿剂及B受体阻滞剂<span style="color: black;">不消</span>于糖尿病,前者干扰糖耐量,后者可掩盖低血糖症状.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">钙离子及B受体阻滞剂<span style="color: black;">不可</span>用于心衰.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">18、洋地黄类强心剂</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">洋地黄：中重心衰房颤忙</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">适用于中重度收缩性心力<span style="color: black;">衰尽</span>,对伴有房颤心室率快者更佳</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">以下<span style="color: black;">状况</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>用,：预加房颤阻滞张.急性心梗1 天内,</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">预激<span style="color: black;">综合症</span>;二度以上房室传导阻滞,舒张性心力<span style="color: black;">衰尽</span>如肥厚性心肌病<span style="color: black;">不可</span>应用. 急性心梗24 小时<span style="color: black;">不该</span>用;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">中毒反应GI视心脏.:如消化道症状,视力改变,黄视或绿视及心脏毒性(各类心率失常)<span style="color: black;">不可</span>用.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">19、急性肺水肿治疗口诀：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">坐起来打三针（吗啡、速尿、氨茶碱）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">普外科歌诀 甲亢症状</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲状腺结节</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲状腺，结节多，<span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span>是冷还是热。热结节，多良性，高功能腺瘤最可能。冷结节，经<span style="color: black;">平常</span>，良性恶性各掺半。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>肿块有亲肿瘤性，恶性肿瘤基本定.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">乳腺癌</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">女性乳腺癌， 质地较坚硬。 肿块<span style="color: black;">没</span>压痛， 表面不太平。 边缘不甚清， 四周不活动。 急性乳腺炎</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">初产妇，没经验，容易得上乳腺炎。红肿热痛是主症，中间波动是脓肿。脓肿切开要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>，放射切口牢牢记。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">斜疝特点</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">腹股沟来多斜疝，多见儿童青状年。上小下大呈梨形，梨柄直接与管通。手按内环块不见，咳嗽常有冲击感。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">直疝特点</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">腹股沟来有直疝，<span style="color: black;">好似</span>半个皮球扣上边。基底较宽按不住，疝块仍可突外面。腹壁下动脉内侧为特点，嵌顿机会极少见。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肝外伤</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肝破裂，经<span style="color: black;">平常</span>，手术处理是<span style="color: black;">重要</span>。血管胆管常<span style="color: black;">损害</span>，牢牢结扎记心上。肝脏破裂要清创，缝合不准留死腔。<span style="color: black;">不可</span>缝合敞开袴，双腔负压来引流。被膜下血肿需探察，防止胆瘘与增大。肝脏<span style="color: black;">流血</span>量<span style="color: black;">很强</span>，肝动脉来可结扎。门静脉<span style="color: black;">流血</span>只能补，处理原则要记熟。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">急性腹膜炎</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">腹膜炎，好诊断，腹痛呕吐先<span style="color: black;">显现</span>。腹部压痛反跳痛，腹肌紧张为特征。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">溃疡病</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">溃疡病，溃疡病，吐酸、<span style="color: black;">流血</span>与<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>。<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>常有周期性，春秋两季可<span style="color: black;">出现</span>。节律性，很典型，<span style="color: black;">显现</span>时间不<span style="color: black;">必定</span>。<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>性质可忍受，上腹正中或偏右。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肠结核</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肠结核，三特征，便秘腹泻先<span style="color: black;">出现</span>。低热盗汗体重减，右下腹痛肿块现。这种病人不出奇，清早<span style="color: black;">一块</span>厕所去。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">结肠癌</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">结肠癌，经<span style="color: black;">平常</span>，分为左半和右半。右半结肠管腔粗，血液循环最丰富。贫血消瘦常<span style="color: black;">显现</span>，腹部肿块为<span style="color: black;">平常</span>。左半结肠管腔细，产生梗阻最容易。便秘腹泻常交替，便血为主来求医。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">直肠癌</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">直肠癌脓血便，大便性状有改变。里急后重较典型，大便变细为特征。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肝癌</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肝癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>难诊断，症状体征不<span style="color: black;">显著</span>。腹胀乏力体重减，右上腹痛肿块现。高低不平质地硬，增大<span style="color: black;">快速</span>为特征。腹水消瘦加黄疸，肝癌完全可诊断。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肝脓肿</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肝脓肿三特征，冷烧肝大与压痛。全身中毒症状重，超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>有液平。胆囊不会大，横膈运动差。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">胆囊炎 胆石症</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">胆囊炎，胆石症互为因果两个病。右上腹痛肩放射，黄疸呕吐伴发热。病情长达数天整，墨菲氏征常阳性。胆石症，呈绞痛，改变体位可减轻。辗转不安出大汗，脉搏快弱<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>浅。油脂饱餐后发病，<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>停止为特征 经典150知识点</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、<span style="color: black;">通常</span>在服毒后儿小时内洗胃最有效</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4~6 小时内</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、 重金属中毒时用下列哪一种解毒药效果最好 ?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二巯丁二钠</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3 、<span style="color: black;">救治</span>巴比妥类中毒<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">呼气</span><span style="color: black;">衰尽</span>的首要<span style="color: black;">办法</span>是什么？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">保持<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>道通畅，人工辅助<span style="color: black;">呼气</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4 、银环蛇咬伤致死<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">呼气</span><span style="color: black;">衰尽</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5 、毒蛇咬伤最有效的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">单价抗蛇毒血清</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6 、毒蛇咬伤最有效的局部<span style="color: black;">初期</span>处理是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">胰蛋白酶局部注射或套封</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">7 、哪一种<span style="color: black;">食品</span>中毒以神经系统症状为<span style="color: black;">重点</span>临床表现，且病死率高</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肉毒杆菌<span style="color: black;">食品</span>中毒</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">8 、对溺水<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">呼气</span>心跳骤停者，其紧急处理<span style="color: black;">办法</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">人工<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>和胸外心脏按压</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">9 、重度哮喘时，应采取<span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">吸氧，改善通气、支气管解痉、<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>感染、纠正水和电解质平衡失调，应用糖皮质激素</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">10 、重度哮喘<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>严重哮喘<span style="color: black;">爆发</span><span style="color: black;">最少</span><span style="color: black;">连续</span>时间是多少？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">24 小时以上</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">11 、重度哮喘时，每日氨茶碱静脉滴注的剂量不宜超过</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.5g</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">12 、重度支气管哮喘，<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">救治</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>是什么？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">静脉滴注氨茶碱，静脉滴注糖皮质激素，氧气吸入，静脉<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>液体</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">13 、支气管哮喘<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>期禁用</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">吗啡</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">14 、支气管哮喘的临床特征是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">反复<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>阵发性呼气性<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">15 、急性肺脓肿的治疗原则</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">积极抗感染，辅以体位引流</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">16 、急性原发性肺脓肿特征性的临床表现是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">海量</span>脓臭痰</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">17 、肺结核小量咯血（痰中带血丝）的处理是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">安静<span style="color: black;">休憩</span>，消除紧张<span style="color: black;">心情</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">18 、<span style="color: black;">救治</span>大咯血窒息时，最<span style="color: black;">重要</span>的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">立即采用解除<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>道梗阻的<span style="color: black;">办法</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">19 、肺结核大咯血，最危险的并发症</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">窒息</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">20 、浸润型肺结核大咯血采取</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">患侧卧位</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">21 、慢性支气管炎急性<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>期治疗最<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">掌控</span>感染</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">22 、<span style="color: black;">忽然</span><span style="color: black;">爆发</span>的吸气性<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难，临床上最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>于</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">气管内异物或梗阻</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">23 、哪一种<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，最易<span style="color: black;">出现</span><span style="color: black;">呼气</span><span style="color: black;">衰尽</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">阻塞性肺气肿</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">24 、高血压<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>心力<span style="color: black;">衰尽</span>的最早症状是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">劳力性<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">25 、诊断急性肺水肿，最有特征<span style="color: black;">道理</span>的表现是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">严重<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难伴粉红色<span style="color: black;">泡泡</span>痰</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">26 、诊断右心功能不全时，最<span style="color: black;">靠谱</span>的体征是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">颈静脉怒张，肝颈静脉回流征阳性</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">27 、<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>于</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">左心功能不全</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">28 、哪种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>产生急性肺水肿时，宜用吗啡</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">急性心肌梗死伴<span style="color: black;">连续</span>性<span style="color: black;">病痛</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">29 、心源性哮喘与支气管哮喘<span style="color: black;">重点</span>不同点是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">心脏扩大伴奔马律</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">30 、心功能不全最早的体征是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">舒张期奔马律</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">31 、左心衰最严重的表现是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肺水肿</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">32 、右心<span style="color: black;">衰尽</span>的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>临床表现是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">体循环静脉淤血及水肿</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">33 、急性肺水肿最有特征性的表现是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">咯<span style="color: black;">海量</span>粉红色<span style="color: black;">泡泡</span>痰</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">34 、产生左心<span style="color: black;">衰尽</span>的临床表现，<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肺淤血、肺水肿</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">35 、<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难最早<span style="color: black;">显现</span>于</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">左心<span style="color: black;">衰尽</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">36 、室上性心动过速最多<span style="color: black;">出现</span>于什么</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">没</span>器质性心脏病</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">37 、用刺激迷走神经的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>纠正的<span style="color: black;">心率</span>失常是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">阵发性室上性心动过速</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">38 、预激<span style="color: black;">综合症</span>最常伴发</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">上性心动过速</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">39 、预激<span style="color: black;">综合症</span>最<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的特征是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">QRS 波群<span style="color: black;">起始</span>部粗钝</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">40 、诊断室速最有力的心电图证据是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">显现</span>心室夺获或室性融合波</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">41 、表现为心动过缓 - 心动过速<span style="color: black;">综合症</span>的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，最好<span style="color: black;">选择</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">安装按需型人工心脏起搏器</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">42 、室速伴严重血流动力学<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>时，终止<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>首选<span style="color: black;">办法</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">电复律</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">43 、 III 度房室传导阻滞伴短阵室性心动过速，首选</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">心室起搏</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">44 、<span style="color: black;">上下</span>束支阻滞，治疗应<span style="color: black;">选择</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">安顿</span>心脏起搏器</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">45 、以下各项中，哪项最易<span style="color: black;">导致</span>阿 - 斯<span style="color: black;">综合症</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">III 度房室传导阻滞</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">46 、房颤<span style="color: black;">出现</span>后易<span style="color: black;">导致</span>哪种合并症</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">体循环动脉栓塞</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">47 、二尖瓣狭窄<span style="color: black;">初期</span>大咯血的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">支气管静脉破裂</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">48 、风心病二尖瓣狭窄<span style="color: black;">出现</span>房颤后，<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的并发症是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">动脉栓塞</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">49 、哪种心脏病，不宜<span style="color: black;">运用</span>血管扩张剂</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">心包填塞征</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">50 、二尖瓣狭窄合并房颤，心室率 120 次 / 分，首选治疗是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">西地兰<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>心室率</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">51 、心绞痛及昏厥<span style="color: black;">平常</span>于</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">主动脉瓣狭窄</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">52 、二尖瓣狭窄窦性<span style="color: black;">心率</span><span style="color: black;">因为</span>过劳而<span style="color: black;">出现</span>急性肺水肿，最恰当的治疗是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">速尿</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">53 、二尖瓣狭窄<span style="color: black;">导致</span>肺水肿的<span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">左室<span style="color: black;">衰尽</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">54 、风湿性心脏瓣膜病致死的主要<span style="color: black;">原由</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">心力<span style="color: black;">衰尽</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">55 、二尖瓣狭窄最早<span style="color: black;">显现</span>的症状是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">劳力性<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">56 、洋地黄中毒伴缓慢性<span style="color: black;">心率</span>失常时<span style="color: black;">选择</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">阿托品</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">57 、洋地黄中毒<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的室性早搏，治疗应首选</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">苯妥英钠</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">58 、洋地黄中毒<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的心电图表现是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">室性早搏二联律</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">59 、心力<span style="color: black;">衰尽</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>的室性早搏，未经<span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗应首选</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">洋地黄</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">60 、急性心肌梗死并发心源性休克的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">心排血量急剧降低</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">61 、急性心肌梗死<span style="color: black;">初期</span>（ 24 小时内）死亡<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">心率</span>失常</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">62 、急性心肌梗死时缓解<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>宜用</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">吗啡</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">63 、硝酸甘油缓解心绞痛<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是<span style="color: black;">因为</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">直接扩张冠状动脉</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">64 、急性心肌梗死<span style="color: black;">病人</span>心电监护示“室颤”，立即进行<span style="color: black;">救治</span>，<span style="color: black;">第1</span>步应行</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">非同步直流电除颤</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">65 、心脏猝死病人一半以上见于何种<span style="color: black;">疾患</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">冠心病</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">66 、血压<span style="color: black;">忽然</span><span style="color: black;">上升</span>，剧烈头痛，抽搐，<span style="color: black;">晕倒</span>的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，诊断可能是什么？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">高血压脑病</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">67 、高血压病最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的死亡<span style="color: black;">原由</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">脑血管意外</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">68 、什么表现最能提示急进性高血压</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">视力<span style="color: black;">快速</span><span style="color: black;">衰退</span>，视网膜<span style="color: black;">流血</span>及渗出或视乳头水肿</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">69 、治疗高血压危象，哪一种<span style="color: black;">药品</span>应<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>首选</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">硝普钠</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">70 、心包填塞与右心功能不全，哪项在鉴别上最有<span style="color: black;">道理</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">奇脉</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">71 、急性心包积液时最<span style="color: black;">明显</span>的症状是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">72 、猝死较多见于哪种心肌病</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肥厚型梗阻性心肌病</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">73 、哪种<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>的休克其外周血管阻力将<span style="color: black;">显著</span>下降</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">革兰阴性杆菌败血症</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">74 、男性， 20 岁。肌注青霉素后<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>昏倒，血压测不到，最<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的<span style="color: black;">救治</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">立即静脉注射肾上腺素</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">75 、休克的基本<span style="color: black;">原由</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有效循环血量不足，脏器的微循环灌注不良</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">76 、<span style="color: black;">导致</span>心源性休克最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的病因是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">急性心肌梗死</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">77 、哪种休克单独<span style="color: black;">运用</span>血管收缩药效果好</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">过敏性休克</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">78 、提示胃穿孔最有<span style="color: black;">道理</span>的<span style="color: black;">按照</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">气腹征象</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">79 、消化性溃疡最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的并发症是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">流血</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">80 、上消化道大<span style="color: black;">流血</span>最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">消化性溃疡</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">81 、<span style="color: black;">流血</span>坏死型胰腺炎的特征是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">脐部及腰部皮肤呈青紫色</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">82 、急性腹痛伴休克，最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的病因是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">急性坏死型胰腺炎</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">83 、肝<span style="color: black;">晕倒</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>，躁动不安和抽搐，<span style="color: black;">选择</span>下列哪种<span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗最合适</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">安定</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">84 、对肾病<span style="color: black;">综合症</span>最有效的治疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">糖皮质激素</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">85 、肾病<span style="color: black;">综合症</span>最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的并发症是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">感染</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">86 、尿毒症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>纠正酸中毒后<span style="color: black;">出现</span>抽搐，最<span style="color: black;">快速</span>有效的治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">静注葡萄糖酸钙</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">87 、尿毒症病人病情<span style="color: black;">严重</span>的表现是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">心包炎</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">88 、尿毒症最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的死亡<span style="color: black;">原由</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">心功能不全</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">89 、治疗尿毒症心功能不全的最有效<span style="color: black;">办法</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">透析</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">90 、慢性粒细胞性白血病<span style="color: black;">出现</span>急性左上腹剧痛，<span style="color: black;">首要</span><span style="color: black;">思虑</span>的诊断为</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">脾梗死</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">91 、在我国糖尿病死亡的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">脑血管意外、冠心病</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">92 、脊髓休克时，<span style="color: black;">显现</span>什么症状</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">双下肢瘫痪或四肢瘫痪，并肌张力低下，反射消失，尿潴留</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">93 、高血压性脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>最好发的部位是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">基底神经节</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">94 、脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的部位是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">内囊外侧部</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">95 、脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的病<span style="color: black;">由于</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">高血压</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">96 、高血压脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的诱发<span style="color: black;">原因</span>为</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">心情</span>激动或用力过度</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">97 、急性脑血管<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>伴脑疝形成，最急需的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">静脉滴注甘露醇</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">98 、高颅内压病人做腰椎穿刺放脑脊液后，<span style="color: black;">忽然</span><span style="color: black;">呼气</span>停止。这是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>诱发了</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">小脑扁桃体疝</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">99 、颞叶钩回疝<span style="color: black;">显现</span>同侧瞳孔散大的<span style="color: black;">平常</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">动眼神经受压</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">100 、枕大孔疝疝出的组织是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">小脑扁桃体</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">101 、枕大孔疝与颞叶钩回疝的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>鉴别点是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">呼气</span>骤停</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">102 、脑疝致命的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">脑干受压</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">103 、治疗脑水肿</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">尽早<span style="color: black;">运用</span>肾上腺皮质激素</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">104 、脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>和蛛网膜下腔<span style="color: black;">流血</span>的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>区别点为</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有<span style="color: black;">没</span>定位体征</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">105 、脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>的急性期治疗为</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">降血压 甘露醇降颅内压 保持水、电解质平衡 ，抗生素预防治疗感染</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">106 、蛛网膜下腔<span style="color: black;">流血</span>最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的<span style="color: black;">原由</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">先天性脑底动脉瘤</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">107 、蛛网膜下腔<span style="color: black;">流血</span>最常<span style="color: black;">显现</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">脑膜刺激征</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">108 、蛛网膜下腔<span style="color: black;">流血</span>最<span style="color: black;">靠谱</span>的诊断依据是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">均匀血性脑脊液</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">109 、蛛网膜下腔<span style="color: black;">流血</span>急性期的治疗<span style="color: black;">选择</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">尼莫地平</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">110 、脑血栓形成最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的病因是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">脑动脉粥样硬化</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">111 、脑梗死急性期主张<span style="color: black;">不消</span>血管扩张药，是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>可<span style="color: black;">导致</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">脑内盗血现象</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">112 、脑血栓形成治疗应<span style="color: black;">选择</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">低分子右旋糖酐</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">113 、在急性脑血管病中，起病最急的是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">脑栓塞</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">114 、<span style="color: black;">导致</span>癫痫的<span style="color: black;">平常</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span> 产伤 颅内肿瘤</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">脑炎 脑囊虫病</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">115 、癫痫<span style="color: black;">连续</span>状态<span style="color: black;">指的是</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">全面性强直 - 陈挛性<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>频繁<span style="color: black;">显现</span>，间歇期仍<span style="color: black;">认识</span>不清</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">116 、全面性强直 - 阵挛性<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>时，<span style="color: black;">首要</span>要</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">重视</span><span style="color: black;">呼气</span>道通畅</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">117 、治疗敌敌畏急性中毒的胆碱酯酶复能剂是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">双复磷</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">118 、有机磷农药中毒<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>肌瘫痪应<span style="color: black;">选择</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">解磷定</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">119 、急性有机磷农药中毒<span style="color: black;">出现</span>肺水肿时，首要<span style="color: black;">救治</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">静注阿托品</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">120 、急性有机磷农药中毒死因，最<span style="color: black;">重点</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">呼气</span><span style="color: black;">衰尽</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">121 、急性一氧化碳中毒时，首要的治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">氧气疗法</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">122 、下肢远端严重活动性<span style="color: black;">流血</span>时，止血带扎在哪个部位最合适？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">大腿中 1/3</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">123 、四肢开放性<span style="color: black;">损害</span>合并大血管<span style="color: black;">损害</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>止血带时，连续阻断血流时间不得超过：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">60 分钟</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">124 、在创伤急救止血时，常用的止血<span style="color: black;">办法</span>有：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">指压止血法，压迫包扎法，止血带止血法，加垫屈肢止血法</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">125 、创伤性窒息的特征是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">面部、眼结膜、上胸部淤血</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">126 、胸部外伤后，胸壁软化，<span style="color: black;">重点</span>病理生理<span style="color: black;">错乱</span>为：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二氧化碳储留，缺氧</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">127 、开放性气胸的急救，<span style="color: black;">首要</span>要：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">快速</span>封闭胸壁创口</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">128 、严重多根多处肋骨骨折的紧急处理是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">胸壁加压包扎</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">129 、张力性气胸急救<span style="color: black;">办法</span>为：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">粗针头排气减压</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">130 、外伤性血胸简便而又<span style="color: black;">靠谱</span>的诊断<span style="color: black;">办法</span>是：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">胸腔穿刺</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">131 、前胸刀刺伤、休克、颈静脉怒张，<span style="color: black;">首要</span>应<span style="color: black;">思虑</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">心包填塞</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">132 、腹腔<span style="color: black;">损害</span>行腹腔穿刺，抽出不凝血液，应诊断为</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">实质性脏器破裂</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">133 、腹部外伤合并<span style="color: black;">流血</span>性休克时，<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的处理原则是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在积极治疗休克的<span style="color: black;">同期</span>手术探查止血</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">134 、胃穿孔的 X 线<span style="color: black;">检测</span>所见为</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">膈下游离气体</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">135 、急性阑尾炎临床症状<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的<span style="color: black;">次序</span><span style="color: black;">通常</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">先上腹痛，后恶心或呕吐，再右下腹痛</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">136 、单纯性阑尾炎的腹痛性质是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">隐痛或钝痛</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">137 、急性坏疽性阑尾炎，当阑尾壁全层坏疽后，腹痛性质是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">连续</span>性胀痛</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">138 、急性阑尾炎，当腹痛尚未转移到右下腹前，在诊断上<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">道理</span>的是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">压痛已固定在右下腹</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">139 、高位小肠梗阻除腹痛外，<span style="color: black;">重点</span>症状是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">呕吐</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">140 、胆管结石急性<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>和急性胆管炎典型的三联征是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">突发剑突下偏右阵发性绞痛、畏寒发热、黄疸</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">141 、急性胰腺炎时，血淀粉酶<span style="color: black;">上升</span>的规律为</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">发病后 3~12 小时<span style="color: black;">上升</span>， 24~48 小时达高峰</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">142 、下列哪种肾外伤最常<span style="color: black;">显现</span>血尿</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肾裂伤</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">143 、颅内压<span style="color: black;">升高</span>的三联征是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">头痛、呕吐、视乳头水肿</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">144 、急性枕骨大孔疝与小脑幕裂孔疝最<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的区别是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">剧烈头痛</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">145 、诊断心跳骤停<span style="color: black;">快速</span><span style="color: black;">靠谱</span>的指标是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">大动脉搏动消失</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">146 、心跳停止时间<span style="color: black;">指的是</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">循环停止到重建人工循环的时间</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">147 、复苏处理要争分夺秒，最<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的目的是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">为<span style="color: black;">快速</span>恢复脑的血液循环</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">148 、一旦确诊为心跳骤停，<span style="color: black;">必要</span>争取在几分钟内重建<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>和循环</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4~6 分钟</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">149 、胸外电击除颤时，电极板<span style="color: black;">安顿</span>的位置应在</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">右第二肋间前胸壁，心尖区或心尖区后胸壁</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">150 、心跳复苏后，最容易<span style="color: black;">显现</span>的继发性病理改变是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">脑缺氧性损害 <span style="color: black;">救治</span><span style="color: black;">药物</span>识 心三联利多卡因、阿托品、肾上腺素）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">呼三联（洛贝林、回苏灵、可拉明）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">老三联针：肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、异丙肾上腺素</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">新三联针：肾上腺素、阿托品、利多卡因</p>
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