长不长寿，看心率就晓得？老年人一分钟心率多少正常？告诉你答案
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">有一种说法广为流传：“长不长寿，看心率就<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>？”这听起来似乎颇具<span style="color: black;">奥秘</span>色彩，但真的可信吗？在探寻人类寿命奥秘的众多线索中，心率<span style="color: black;">没</span>疑是一个备受瞩目的指标，国内外众多<span style="color: black;">科研</span>项目都围绕它展开，而民间<span style="color: black;">更加是</span>流传着<span style="color: black;">各样</span>关于心率的传说和俗语。这不，<span style="color: black;">近期</span>诊室就来了一位深信此道的王阿姨。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q6.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240502/4a59544fcfa2417f8f66e42bf2b75936.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">王阿姨<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">离休</span>十余年了，她性格开朗，生活作息规律，对<span style="color: black;">各样</span>养生之道都颇有<span style="color: black;">科研</span>。前不久，家人陪她进行了一次常规体检，结果<span style="color: black;">表示</span>她的心率偏低，</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">每分钟<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>52次。</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>她回家后<span style="color: black;">按时</span>监测心率，并提醒她<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">反常</span>或<span style="color: black;">伴同</span>其他身体症状，要<span style="color: black;">即时</span><span style="color: black;">看病</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">但王阿姨对这些<span style="color: black;">意见</span>并<span style="color: black;">漫不经心</span>，她深信一种养生观点：</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“心跳越慢，寿命越长。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">”她认为自己的心率低，正是身体机能强健、生命力旺盛的象征，<span style="color: black;">表率</span>着她将<span style="color: black;">持有</span>更长的寿命。她不仅<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">根据</span><span style="color: black;">大夫</span>的<span style="color: black;">意见</span>进行监测，反而逢人就炫耀自己的“长寿心率”。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">直到<span style="color: black;">近期</span>，她<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>在家中<span style="color: black;">昏倒</span>，家人<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>后立刻将她送至医院，<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">快速</span>展开问询，并对她进行了一系列详尽的<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>心电图、心脏超声以及24小时动态心电图监测。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q9.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240502/f7c1cc2452f74c14900bfe0f4ef44cd8.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">检测</span>结果<span style="color: black;">表示</span>，王阿姨的心脏收缩功能<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了<span style="color: black;">显著</span>的减弱，射血分数<span style="color: black;">亦</span>偏低，她的心脏在泵血时效率不足。而动态心电图监测她</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">存在窦性心动过缓的问题，偶尔还伴有室性早搏，平均心率<span style="color: black;">已然</span>低至每分钟51次，而最慢时<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>降至每分钟34次</span></strong><span style="color: black;">，<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的心率水平显然<span style="color: black;">已然</span>远远<span style="color: black;">小于</span>正常范围。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">暗示</span>，<span style="color: black;">日前</span>来看她心脏过缓<span style="color: black;">状况</span>比较严重，<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>了身体器官供血不足，<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">移植</span>心脏起搏器来监测心脏的电活动，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在心率过低时发出电脉冲来刺激心脏跳动。面对<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的结果，王阿姨<span style="color: black;">最终</span><span style="color: black;">认识</span>到了自己的错误，<span style="color: black;">懊悔</span>当初<span style="color: black;">无</span>听从<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>的<span style="color: black;">意见</span>，而是<span style="color: black;">茫然</span>地相信<span style="color: black;">哪些</span>道听途说的养生观念。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q6.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240502/35da7040bb4847ff84ed2243b0b8044b.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>长不长寿，看心率就<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>？ </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">心率，即心脏每分钟的跳动次数，是反映心脏功能的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>指标。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">为<span style="color: black;">保准</span>数据的准确性它通常在安静状态下<span style="color: black;">测绘</span>，</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>健康成年人而言静息状态下<span style="color: black;">通常</span>维持在每分钟六十到九十次都算正常。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>其受到多种<span style="color: black;">原因</span>的影响，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>年龄、性别、健康<span style="color: black;">情况</span>以及个体的生理状态等，<span style="color: black;">一般</span>婴儿每分钟在一百二十到一百四十次之间，幼儿在每分钟九十次到一百次之间，儿童在每分钟八十次到九十次之间，成年人在每分钟七十次到八十次之间。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">其中职业运动员<span style="color: black;">因为</span><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>的高频次、高强度训练，心肌变得粗壮有力，每次心跳能够泵出<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的血液，<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>能以较低的心率（约每分钟四十到五十次）满足生理需求。<span style="color: black;">况且</span>它并非一成不变，会受到<span style="color: black;">心情</span>、<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>、运动等多种<span style="color: black;">原因</span>的影响，如<span style="color: black;">心情</span>激动或运动后会相应加快。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q1.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240502/2af932f942aa4370a97d107f4845f030.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">小心</span>率超过100次/分钟，则被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为心动过速，而<span style="color: black;">小于</span>60次/分钟时，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">叫作</span>之为心动过缓。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">而这两种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>都可能是心脏健康问题的预警信号，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>心率<span style="color: black;">长期</span>偏离正常范围，则可能暗示着身体出了问题。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">多项权威指南指出，</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>的慢性心率增快（80次/分以上）<span style="color: black;">常常</span>与交感神经的<span style="color: black;">连续</span>兴奋状态紧密<span style="color: black;">关联</span>，这一<span style="color: black;">原因</span>在<span style="color: black;">全部</span>心血管事件链中起着<span style="color: black;">重要</span>的推动<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">它不仅<span style="color: black;">引起</span>炎症反应、血管内皮功能<span style="color: black;">错乱</span>、心肌耗氧<span style="color: black;">增多</span>以及斑块稳定性降低，还是动脉粥样硬化、心衰、心肌缺血/心梗和<span style="color: black;">心率</span>失常等的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>推动<span style="color: black;">原因</span>，其中交感神经的过度激活尤为<span style="color: black;">重要</span>，严重时<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>可能<span style="color: black;">引起</span>心源性猝死。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q0.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240502/258222c4e9494c62b63fcf54474652bc.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">这一状态不仅预示着心脏健康可能<span style="color: black;">显现</span>问题，</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">更加是</span>心血管<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的独立危险<span style="color: black;">原因</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">，能够加剧和恶化其他危险<span style="color: black;">原因</span>，如血压、血糖、胰岛素抵抗、胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、吸烟、体重指数等。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">例如一项针对高血压<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，慢性心率增快会<span style="color: black;">增多</span>高血压<span style="color: black;">病人</span>靶器官损害<span style="color: black;">危害</span>，</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">心率每<span style="color: black;">增多</span>10次/分钟，使全因死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>近一倍，而心血管死亡率<span style="color: black;">增多</span>约七倍；</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">一样</span>在冠心病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>中，该状态会使心血管死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>百分之三十四，心衰住院<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>百分之五十三，心梗住院<span style="color: black;">危害</span>增加百分之四十六。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q9.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240502/a83aea8a0e8047268860d7b10e583b65.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">据这种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>来看，</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">心脏跳动越慢的人，他的死亡概率就会越低。</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>事实是<span style="color: black;">不可</span>一概而论的，心率越慢<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不<span style="color: black;">必定</span>越好。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">心动过缓，虽然本身并非一个<span style="color: black;">知道</span>的<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>信号，但当它与胸痛、眩晕、晕厥及气短等症状相伴时，便<span style="color: black;">作为</span>了<span style="color: black;">必须</span>紧急关注的医学问题。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>未经治疗的心动过缓，可能会<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>演化为心动过缓性心肌<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">起初可能表现为心脏结构的微妙变化（如心脏扩大），随着时间的推移心脏的功能会<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>下降，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>可能会感受到乏力、气短、浮肿等症状，活动耐力<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会<span style="color: black;">显著</span>下降，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>在夜间<span style="color: black;">没</span>法平卧<span style="color: black;">休憩</span>；还会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>心脏泵血能力下降，身体各部位因缺血缺氧而<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">各样</span>症状，为了代偿供血心脏会加倍<span style="color: black;">奋斗</span>，但当这种代偿超过其承受能力时就会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>心脏回血过慢，严重时<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>可能<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>晕厥和猝死。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q8.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240502/e60c358e3979425a99da718f22704b68.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">综合现有的医学<span style="color: black;">科研</span>和观察，</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">人的寿命与心率之间存在一种<span style="color: black;">明显</span>的U型曲线关系，心率<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">小于</span>50次/分或<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>超过80次/分都会<span style="color: black;">明显</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>个体的死亡率。</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>“长不长寿，看心率”的真相<span style="color: black;">便是</span>心率过快或过慢都可能对健康产生<span style="color: black;">有害</span>的影响，<span style="color: black;">从而</span>影响寿命的长短。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">那老年人一分钟心率多少才算正常呢？</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">Framingham心脏<span style="color: black;">科研</span>计划中的一项<span style="color: black;">科研</span>曾<span style="color: black;">说到</span>，</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">心率在60-70次/分钟的参与者心血管<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>发病率和死亡率最低，</span></strong><span style="color: black;">这一<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>为<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span>了一个<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的健康参考标准。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q3.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240502/82e190d609a840db88c86ef937d816b7.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">而<span style="color: black;">针对</span>老年人<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>身体机能的<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>衰退心率<span style="color: black;">一般</span>会偏缓<span style="color: black;">有些</span>，</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>老年人的心率大致<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>在55次/分钟<span style="color: black;">上下</span>是正常的</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>老年人<span style="color: black;">身患</span>高血压、糖尿病等慢性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，心率<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>在</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">60次/分钟</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">上下</span>可能更为适宜；</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">身患</span>冠心病等心功能不全的病人，心率<span style="color: black;">亦</span>应<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>在</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">60~70次/分钟</span></strong><span style="color: black;">之间。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>老年人<span style="color: black;">来讲</span><span style="color: black;">奋斗</span>将心率<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>在较低且正常的水平范围内<span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">守护</span>健康、延长寿命<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">道理</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q7.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240502/8929278c18584a1098b347855f2d7f12.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>维持健康的心率？ </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">在深入探讨<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>维持健康心率的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>之前，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>先要<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>心率的变化并非单一<span style="color: black;">原因</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>，而是受到多种<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>影响，</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">如生理性的、病理性的、环境性的以及<span style="color: black;">药品</span>性的等</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">其中在生理上，<span style="color: black;">青年</span>人就会相对较快，而老年人则相对较慢；女性<span style="color: black;">一般</span>会比同龄的男性快<span style="color: black;">有些</span>；而个体间的遗传差异则可能<span style="color: black;">引起</span>它存在天然差异。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">同期</span>生活习惯如体育<span style="color: black;">熬炼</span>对心率有直接影响，<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>进行体育<span style="color: black;">熬炼</span>的人心率可能偏快；不良的生活习惯如过度<span style="color: black;">疲劳</span>、熬夜、吸烟和<span style="color: black;">海量</span>摄入兴奋性饮品等，则可能<span style="color: black;">引起</span>心率<span style="color: black;">反常</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q6.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240502/3ec6f3074e82415185d01410b8d13797.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">而在病理上，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>心源性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>及部分全身性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>都可能影响心率。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">如冠心病、肺心病、风湿性心脏病以及慢性阻塞性肺<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>、严重贫血等，这些<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">区别</span>的机制影响心脏的电传导和收缩功能，从而<span style="color: black;">引起</span>心率的变化。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">一项针对超过10万名成年人的<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，与<span style="color: black;">无</span>心脏病史的人相比冠心病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的心率<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>偏高，且随着病情的加重心率<span style="color: black;">亦</span>呈现<span style="color: black;">逐步</span><span style="color: black;">提升</span>的趋势；多项大规模流行病学<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">表示</span>，<span style="color: black;">经过</span>治疗心源性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，如改善心肌供血、修复心脏瓣膜功能或纠正电传导<span style="color: black;">反常</span>等，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>有效降低<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的心率，改善其心脏功能和生活质量。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q3.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240502/fa42960ea7124e56a4a606af1c889cd9.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">同期</span>，在<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">处在</span>激动、焦虑、紧张、恐惧或是疲惫、压力大等<span style="color: black;">心情</span>中，身体会释放肾上腺素、皮质醇激素等应激激素，<span style="color: black;">导致</span>心率和血压的<span style="color: black;">上升</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">而某些<span style="color: black;">药品</span>如阿托品、肾上腺素等，以及部分抗凝血药、支气管扩张剂等<span style="color: black;">药品</span>副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>可能<span style="color: black;">包含</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>或减少心率；还有某些<span style="color: black;">食品</span>中<span style="color: black;">包括</span>咖啡因、酒精以及尼古丁等兴奋性物质，<span style="color: black;">一样</span>会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>心率的<span style="color: black;">增多</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span>，面对这些可能影响心率的<span style="color: black;">原因</span>，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>该<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>应对并维持正常的心率呢？以下是<span style="color: black;">有些</span>实用的<span style="color: black;">意见</span>。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q0.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240502/b07042aa691f43719393770cbaab3b5e.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">适当的运动<span style="color: black;">熬炼</span>是维持正常心率的有效手段，一项<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">表示</span><span style="color: black;">连续</span><span style="color: black;">最少</span>90天以上的规律运动能够有效降低心率约4~5次/分。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">中老年人<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span>散步、太极拳、八段锦等相对舒缓的运动，而<span style="color: black;">青年</span>人则<span style="color: black;">能够</span>进行跑步、跳操等强度较高的运动，但<span style="color: black;">没</span>论哪种运动，都应量力而行避免过度<span style="color: black;">疲劳</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">同时<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">每日</span>保持8小时<span style="color: black;">上下</span>的<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>时间，避免熬夜和过度疲劳；避免<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">处在</span>压力过剩的状态下，学会<span style="color: black;">即时</span>纾解压力，<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>与家人、<span style="color: black;">伴侣</span>交流、参加兴趣<span style="color: black;">兴趣</span>活动等方式来缓解压力。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">在<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>方面，应多摄入<span style="color: black;">鲜嫩</span>的<span style="color: black;">果蔬</span>、蔬菜、瘦肉、坚果、豆类和鱼类等<span style="color: black;">饱含</span>营养的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>，要少吃高脂肪、高热量的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>，避免身体<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>，<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>不摄入含有咖啡因、茶碱等兴奋性物质<span style="color: black;">成份</span>的饮料。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q0.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240502/cb6fce892aaa4ab79df04d2922cd783a.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">况且</span>老年人应该<span style="color: black;">定时</span>监测自己的心率，以便<span style="color: black;">即时</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">反常</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>并采取相应<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是在进行<span style="color: black;">熬炼</span>时，心率应<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>在比静息心率快20次/分<span style="color: black;">上下</span>，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可采用国际通用计算公式</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“（170－年龄）×0.9”来估算适宜的心率。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>心率<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">反常</span>的人群<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，应排除心脏病、贫血、甲亢、高血压、糖尿病等病理性<span style="color: black;">原因</span>，或正在<span style="color: black;">吃下</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>诱使心率<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">反常</span>的某些<span style="color: black;">药品</span>（如部分哮喘药、感冒药等）的<span style="color: black;">原因</span>，</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">积极治疗<span style="color: black;">基本</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，谨遵医嘱科学服药，以减少对心率的影响</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">同期</span>应<span style="color: black;">定时</span>进行体检，关注心率等心血管健康指标的变化，防患于未然。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q2.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240502/c943854a748a430088ba4a4c4923be96.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">总体而言，心率与长寿之间紧密<span style="color: black;">关联</span>，<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>心率<span style="color: black;">小于</span>50次/分或超过80次/分都会<span style="color: black;">明显</span>加剧个体死亡的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。在理论层面上，适度的减缓心率看似有助于降低死亡概率，但心率并非越慢越好，过度的心跳过缓<span style="color: black;">一样</span>会加大<span style="color: black;">病患</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>，正如案例中的王阿姨所展现的那样。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">心率的变化受生理、病理、环境以及<span style="color: black;">药品</span>等多种<span style="color: black;">原因</span>影响，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>老年人而言，密切关注<span style="color: black;">自己</span>心率变化，并采取积极<span style="color: black;">办法</span>如<span style="color: black;">选取</span><span style="color: black;">平衡</span>且有益于心血管健康的<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>；进行适量的运动以<span style="color: black;">加强</span>体质并促进心血管健康；<span style="color: black;">掌控</span><span style="color: black;">心情</span>避免<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>焦虑和压力过大；<span style="color: black;">定时</span>监测心率并进行体检<span style="color: black;">即时</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>并处理潜在的健康问题；积极治疗原发病以减轻其对心率的不良影响；以及远离可能诱发心率<span style="color: black;">反常</span>的<span style="color: black;">各样</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>，来达到<span style="color: black;">守护</span>心血管健康、延长寿命的目的。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">参考文献： </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">钟国强.心率与寿命.岭南心血管病杂志, 2011(S1):2.DOI:CNKI:SUN:LXGB.0.2011-S1-214.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">丁冠文,徐胜媛.静息心率与预期寿命.家庭医药·<span style="color: black;">看病</span>选药 2020年3期, 383页, 2020.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">洪必莹,何森,陈晓平.心率变异性<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span>.华西医学, 2013(4):5.DOI:10.7507/1002-0179.20130195.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">黄鸯鸯,陈肖健.运动对健康中老年人心率变异性的影响及其<span style="color: black;">道理</span>.中文科技期刊数据库（引文版）医药卫生, 2015, 1(2):2.<a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">返回<span style="color: black;">外链论坛：www.fok120.com</span>，查看<span style="color: black;">更加多</span></span></a></p>
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