结直肠癌的治疗方式有哪些？
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">结直肠癌的治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>有<span style="color: black;">那些</span>？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">结直肠癌的治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>手术、化疗、靶向治疗以及免疫治疗。<span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员<span style="color: black;">始终</span>在寻找治疗结直肠癌的更好<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。 <span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span>下面的科普文，<span style="color: black;">认识</span><span style="color: black;">更加多</span>。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">手术</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">外科<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">始终</span>在改善结肠直肠癌的手术方式。针对腹腔镜和<span style="color: black;">设备</span>人手术较开放手术（皮肤<span style="color: black;">很强</span>切口）获益的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>很<span style="color: black;">平常</span>。<span style="color: black;">经过</span>肛门完成直肠癌手术而不切割皮肤的术式<span style="color: black;">亦</span>正在<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-80acfc6931c5eee8547bd93b250a31ea_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div><span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>于网络<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">器官的<span style="color: black;">守护</span>与保养 - 保持身体正常工作 - 是另一个<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">目的</span>。例如：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">•<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>正在<span style="color: black;">科研</span>经化疗缩小直肠肿瘤之后理想的手术<span style="color: black;">机会</span>，以及<span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">晓得</span><span style="color: black;">每一个</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>何时<span style="color: black;">得到</span>最佳治疗效应。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">•<span style="color: black;">科研</span>还在寻找更好的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>来连接移除<span style="color: black;">必定</span>长度的肿瘤后的结肠断端。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">•挽救<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>粪便<span style="color: black;">经过</span>的肛门括约肌的手术是直肠癌<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的兴趣所在。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有时当结肠直肠癌复发时，它会扩散到腹膜（腹腔及腹腔内器官表面的薄壁）。这些癌症<span style="color: black;">一般</span>很难治疗。外科<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">始终</span>在<span style="color: black;">科研</span>一种<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为高温腹腔内化疗（HIPEC）的治疗方式。<span style="color: black;">首要</span>，进行手术以尽可能多地去除腹部的肿瘤病灶。<span style="color: black;">而后</span>，仍然在手术室中，腹腔浸泡在加热的化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>中。这使化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>与癌细胞接触，热量被认为有助于<span style="color: black;">药品</span>更好地发挥<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>这种类型的治疗<span style="color: black;">能够</span>延长寿命，但<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>来<span style="color: black;">认识</span>该治疗能<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>哪类<span style="color: black;">病人</span>。<span style="color: black;">因为</span>这种治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>有经过特殊培训的医护人员和专业设备，<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>广泛<span style="color: black;">运用</span>。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-476b4e2eecf5fb6a5f78eab308fa676f_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div><span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>于网络<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">化疗</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">化疗是许多结直肠癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>治疗的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">构成</span>部分，<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>们<span style="color: black;">始终</span>在<span style="color: black;">奋斗</span>使其更有效，更安全。临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span>正在测试不同的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">•测试已用于对抗其他癌症的新化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>或<span style="color: black;">药品</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">•寻找新的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>将已知的抗结肠直肠癌<span style="color: black;">药品</span>结合起来，<span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span>它们<span style="color: black;">可否</span>能更好地协同工作。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">•<span style="color: black;">科研</span>将化学疗法与放射疗法，靶向疗法和/或免疫疗法相结合的最佳<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">识别、预防和治疗化疗副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>的更好<span style="color: black;">办法</span>是<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">行业</span>的另一个热门方向。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">靶向治疗</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">靶向治疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>与标准化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>机制不同。它们影响癌细胞的特定部分，这些部分使其与正常细胞不同。几种靶向治疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>用于治疗晚期结直肠癌。<span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员正在<span style="color: black;">科研</span>这些<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的最佳给药<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，并寻找新的靶向治疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>。<span style="color: black;">科研</span>还在<span style="color: black;">科研</span>结肠直肠癌细胞，试图找到可能<span style="color: black;">做为</span>治疗一部分的特定基因变化（突变）。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-bc826892aa6df4850426aeb054178e92_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div><span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>于网络<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span><span style="color: black;">专家</span>们正在<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">初期</span>癌症中联合<span style="color: black;">运用</span>靶向治疗和化疗<span style="color: black;">可否</span>有助于降低复发<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">免疫治疗</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">一个令人兴奋的<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">行业</span>是免疫疗法<span style="color: black;">行业</span>。这是<span style="color: black;">运用</span>身体<span style="color: black;">自己</span>免疫系统对抗癌症的治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">免疫<span style="color: black;">检测</span>点<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂：免疫系统的一个<span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>是能够分辨<span style="color: black;">身体</span>正常细胞和被视为“外来细胞”的细胞。这<span style="color: black;">能够</span>让免疫系统攻击外来细胞，<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">保存</span>正常细胞。为此，它在某些免疫细胞上<span style="color: black;">运用</span>“<span style="color: black;">检测</span>点”蛋白质。这些蛋白质就像开关<span style="color: black;">同样</span>，<span style="color: black;">必须</span>打开（或关闭）<span style="color: black;">才可</span><span style="color: black;">起始</span>免疫应答。癌细胞有时利用这些<span style="color: black;">检测</span>点来防止免疫系统的攻击。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-6ed11ccdae5a60d7f30e564780c98637_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div><span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>于网络<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">针对<span style="color: black;">检测</span>点蛋白质的新<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">做为</span>癌症治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">拥有</span>很大<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>。<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>特定基因变化的结直肠癌细胞<span style="color: black;">常常</span>会有许多其他变化，使它们与正常结直肠癌不同细胞，例如微卫星高度不稳定性（MSI-H），或其中一种错配修复（MMR）基因的变化。这可能使它们对免疫系统更加<span style="color: black;">显著</span>。<span style="color: black;">专家</span>正在<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>针对这些细胞变化的新药治疗后，这些癌症<span style="color: black;">可否</span>有好转。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌症疫苗：<span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员正在<span style="color: black;">科研</span>疫苗，以试图治疗结直肠癌或防止治疗后复发。与预防传<span style="color: black;">患病</span>的疫苗不同，这些疫苗旨在<span style="color: black;">加强</span>人体的免疫系统，以更好地<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>和对抗结肠直肠癌细胞。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">专家</span>正在<span style="color: black;">科研</span>许多类型的疫苗。例如，<span style="color: black;">有些</span>疫苗是<span style="color: black;">经过</span>从肿瘤中移除<span style="color: black;">有些</span>人<span style="color: black;">自己</span>的免疫系统细胞（<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为树突细胞），用一种能<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>和攻击癌细胞的物质来治疗它们，<span style="color: black;">而后</span>将它们放回到人<span style="color: black;">身体</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> （医药投资那点事）</p>
楼主的文章深得我心，表示由衷的感谢！ 论坛的成功是建立在我们诚恳、务实、高效、创新和团结合作基础上，我们要把这种精神传递下去。
页:
[1]