号叫作“第五种癌症治疗办法”的硼中子俘获疗法，适用于哪些癌症？
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/laxhFHE1XFcSWTYMX3vMYO5SlIuwyYlyibpFSZX9LrlGeDrwtS7zZYG08x3Rvulrj0htsIffvem0N0TA6Ek7QfA/640?wx_fmt=gif&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">硼中子俘获疗法是<span style="color: black;">日前</span>最先进的放射治疗手段之一，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为第五种癌症治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。与以往放射治疗<span style="color: black;">必须</span>进行多次照射不同，硼中子俘获疗法原则上仅需照射1次<span style="color: black;">就可</span>。2020年3月，日本硼中子俘获疗法的医疗器械和硼<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">得到</span>厚生劳动省的<span style="color: black;">准许</span>，并<span style="color: black;">得到</span>了<span style="color: black;">药品</span>和医疗器械的保险覆盖。<span style="color: black;">同期</span>日本南东北BNCT<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中心宣布从6月<span style="color: black;">起始</span>进行BNCT<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的诊疗。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/laxhFHE1XFdeEzDUuMicdCRF2VPicYgTRcSvPicmMvZcGaVzearnRmynILwjhjT4x4ecxC0xDdPq3jGUEaxGPW3fw/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">▲硼中子俘获治疗（</span><span style="color: black;">图源：日本南东北BNCT<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中心官网）</span></p><strong style="color: blue;">什么是硼中子俘获疗法？</strong>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">硼中子俘获疗法（Boron Neutron Capture Therapy，BNCT）是将硼化合物递送至癌症病灶，并用中子射线照射以<span style="color: black;">经过</span>与硼的核反应来破坏癌症。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">治疗时先给<span style="color: black;">病人</span>注射一种含硼的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>，这种<span style="color: black;">药品</span>与癌细胞有很强的亲和力，会<span style="color: black;">快速</span>聚集在癌细胞内，而在其他组织内分布很少。随后对病灶进行中子照射，时长在<strong style="color: blue;">1小时内</strong>，<span style="color: black;">全部</span>治疗过程<span style="color: black;">通常</span><strong style="color: blue;">只需照射一次</strong>。当照射的中子被癌细胞内的硼俘获，<span style="color: black;">经过</span>核裂变，释放出杀伤力极强的射线。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/laxhFHE1XFdeEzDUuMicdCRF2VPicYgTRcCOLpuB1yPd9JsDMnM02nOh0ibfVmdOv8j4BEH1lLqs8MW4xefvQ5wiaw/640?wx_fmt=gif&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/laxhFHE1XFdeEzDUuMicdCRF2VPicYgTRcesRy6pxaJ2RiaemutXlcAa8739QxjgaWBicrwMdc901eJwpfBw1KPSNQ/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">▲硼中子俘获疗法原理（图源：日本南东北BNCT<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中心官网）</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">中子射线比X射线<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>更高的能量并<span style="color: black;">能够</span>到达<span style="color: black;">身体</span>深处，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>该疗法<strong style="color: blue;">可用于深部区域的癌症</strong>。这种射线的射程很短，<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>一个癌细胞的长度。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>硼中子俘获疗法<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">能够</span>只杀灭癌细胞，而不<span style="color: black;">损害</span><span style="color: black;">周边</span>健康组织。</strong></span></p><strong style="color: blue;">硼中子俘获疗法的特点</strong>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">• 对正常细胞<span style="color: black;">损害</span>小；</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">• 治疗仅需照射1-2次（质子重离子在5-20次<span style="color: black;">上下</span>）；</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">• 可适用于放射治疗后的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>；</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">• 对浸润性癌症、多发癌症、抗辐射癌症有效。</span></p>硼中子俘获治疗对象<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">硼中子俘获疗法适用于<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">没</span>法切除的局部晚期</strong><strong style="color: blue;">或</strong><strong style="color: blue;">局部复发性头颈癌(不<span style="color: black;">包括</span>脑肿瘤)</strong>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">硼中子俘获疗法<strong style="color: blue;">适应症的判断标准：</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">必要</span>是成年人；</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">含铂放化疗后的鳞状细胞癌局部复发（<span style="color: black;">包含</span>拒绝<span style="color: black;">运用</span>铂<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>）；</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">没</span>法切除的局部晚期鳞状细胞癌（仅限于拒绝放化疗的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>）；</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">没</span>法切除的局部晚期非鳞状细胞癌（未经治疗和复发<span style="color: black;">病人</span>均可，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>拒绝手术的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>）。</span></p><span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>接受硼中子治疗？<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（1）病变位置较深</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 扩散到鼻咽部、口咽粘膜壁的肿瘤，和咽后淋巴结转移均在深部，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>不适用的病例较多（<span style="color: black;">面部骨骼较薄的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>是<span style="color: black;">能够</span>的</span>）。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（2）所有病变均<span style="color: black;">位置于</span><span style="color: black;">一边</span>，但超过了有效范围（<span style="color: black;">深6cm,平行于体表皮肤6cm</span>）。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">病变的<span style="color: black;">体积</span>超过了有效范围的话，因<span style="color: black;">没</span>法根治<span style="color: black;">因此</span>判断为不适用。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（3）有远处转移</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（4）肿瘤浸润了颈动脉，<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">包裹</span>了半周以上。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">由于</span>肿瘤<span style="color: black;">快速</span>缩小会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>颈动脉破裂从而<span style="color: black;">增多</span>因治疗<span style="color: black;">导致</span>死亡的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（5）肿瘤浸润颅底：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>瘘管的形成<span style="color: black;">引起</span>颅内感染，因治疗<span style="color: black;">关联</span>死亡的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>极高。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>稍微有可能性的话，<span style="color: black;">必须</span>做造影MRI进行<span style="color: black;">评定</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（6）原发癌不是头颈癌</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（7）间质肿瘤，如肉瘤和血液肿瘤</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（8）活动性炎症</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（9）有龋齿，还<span style="color: black;">无</span>完成治疗</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（10）<span style="color: black;">必须</span>经常给氧的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，如慢性肺病</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（11）肾功能不全、心力<span style="color: black;">衰尽</span>的<span style="color: black;">病人</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（12）癫痫<span style="color: black;">病人</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（13）有幽闭恐惧症和精神<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>不受<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>的<span style="color: black;">病人</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（14）怀孕或<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>在治疗<span style="color: black;">时期</span>怀孕的<span style="color: black;">病人</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（15）有心脏起搏器或<span style="color: black;">移植</span>ICD的患者</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">＊其他<span style="color: black;">身体</span>留置金属的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下，<span style="color: black;">必须</span>在确认其<span style="color: black;">成份</span>的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上判断<span style="color: black;">可否</span>适合治疗。<span style="color: black;">然则</span>牙齿内填充物是金属的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>不受限制。</span></p>日本南东北BNCT<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中心<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">近年来，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>在日本利用加速器<span style="color: black;">研发</span>了BCNCT系统，南东北集团<span style="color: black;">做为</span>医院合并<span style="color: black;">设备</span><strong style="color: blue;">在世界上首次引进了该系统，设立了南东北BNCT<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中心</strong>。南东北BNCT<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中心于2016年<span style="color: black;">起始</span>针对<strong style="color: blue;">复发性恶性<span style="color: black;">脑肿瘤</span></strong>和<strong style="color: blue;">复发性头颈癌/晚期头颈癌</strong>的临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span>，并于2018年完<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>所有临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span>。<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>结果，BNCT治疗设备和硼<span style="color: black;">药品</span>于2020年3月<span style="color: black;">得到</span><span style="color: black;">准许</span>。<span style="color: black;">做为</span><strong style="color: blue;">世界上<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个设立BNCT临床医疗系统并确立了相应治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>的医院</strong>，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>说南东北BNCT<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中心为癌症治疗带来了划时代的变革。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/laxhFHE1XFdeEzDUuMicdCRF2VPicYgTRcCOLpuB1yPd9JsDMnM02nOh0ibfVmdOv8j4BEH1lLqs8MW4xefvQ5wiaw/640?wx_fmt=gif&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/laxhFHE1XFdeEzDUuMicdCRF2VPicYgTRcfoc9UglGpLNAPiaYt9hVZaMtzACjotcnll53yOQrlTHe4y1AcBibO6cQ/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">▲南东北BNCT<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中心（图源：日本南东北BNCT<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中心官网）</span></p>南东北BNCT<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中心临床数据<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在该中心进行的一项临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span>中，<span style="color: black;">运用</span>加速器BNCT30和SPM-011进行硼中子俘获疗法对<strong style="color: blue;">不可切除的复发/局部晚期头颈癌</strong>的疗效和安全性<span style="color: black;">评定</span>。<span style="color: black;">实验</span>数据<span style="color: black;">表示</span>，2019年6月，21名预定<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的登记<span style="color: black;">已然</span>结束，正在进行治疗后的经过观察。结果已于2019年在美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)上报告，<strong style="color: blue;">肿瘤缓解率为71％</strong>，<strong style="color: blue;">一年<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>率为71％</strong>，一方面带来非常高的疗效，另一方面重度副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>与以往的复发治疗相比较少。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">南东北BNCT<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中心<span style="color: black;">针对</span>符合硼中子俘获疗法适应症的外国<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>予以接收。但鉴于<span style="color: black;">日前</span>新冠疫情，国外<span style="color: black;">病人</span>前往日本<span style="color: black;">看病</span>可能受到<span style="color: black;">必定</span>影响。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>有意向前往日本接受硼中子俘获治疗的<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">伴侣</span>，厚朴方舟将<span style="color: black;">帮助</span>其快速预约，办理医疗签证，并<span style="color: black;">供给</span>全程专业服务。有需求者可拨打全国免费咨询热线<span style="color: black;">400-081-6600</span>或添加<span style="color: black;">微X</span><span style="color: black;">Dr HopeNoah</span>联系<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">参考<span style="color: black;">源自</span>：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日本中子俘获疗法学会 http://jsnct.jp/about_nct/index.html</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">南东北BNCT<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中心 http://southerntohoku-bnct.com/</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">版权声明：本文为厚朴方舟原创内容，版权归厚朴方舟所有，欢迎转发<span style="color: black;">伴侣</span>圈，任何公众号或其他<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>转载<span style="color: black;">必要</span>注明<span style="color: black;">源自</span>于【厚朴方舟】（ID：hope-noah）<span style="color: black;">或</span>后台联系<span style="color: black;">博主</span>开白名单。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">- END -</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/laxhFHE1XFcVYF72EqkHP4bIMNGE4o98Y1GzDKdRIKZLXdux5bR3Cs7qZgFjicaKyFgOKIfMia6lVeEeyY1UrqGQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">往期精彩回顾</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">本公众号内容仅作交流参考，不<span style="color: black;">做为</span>诊断及医疗依据，专业医学问题请咨询专业人士或专业医疗<span style="color: black;">公司</span>。</span></p>
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