病因不明没法预防，儿童癌症确诊即晚期！必定不要忽略孩儿身上的这些症状
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这是一个写满了爱与放弃的故事，故事的<span style="color: black;">暗地里</span>，是一个患癌儿童，和其摇摇欲坠的家庭。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">01.“破碎”的癌症儿童</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1995年出生在贵州省黔西县黄月月，于1年前查出尿毒症。<span style="color: black;">每日</span><span style="color: black;">持续</span>循环的病痛，和<span style="color: black;">昂贵</span>的医疗费，让她曾在<span style="color: black;">没</span>数个夜深人静时想要放弃自己的生命。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-1232fd86ab82583e96a69fc39d26078e_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">但一想到还在化疗的儿子明明，她放弃了这种念头。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2015年，当时<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>3岁的明明被查出急性淋巴细胞白血病。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">急性淋巴细胞白血病，<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">第1</span>时间化疗。眼下，化疗<span style="color: black;">已然</span>花费了60多万元，虽然新农合能够报销大部分，但剩下的10多万依然是这个穷苦家庭所<span style="color: black;">没</span>法承受的。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">祸不单行，就在明明化疗<span style="color: black;">时期</span>，又<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了肺部感染。这就<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着，在原有化疗的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上，他还得进行真菌治疗，治疗<span style="color: black;">花费</span>再次<span style="color: black;">增多</span>了30万。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-b3bf1a5587e4643b22887870df62df6d_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">看着儿子<span style="color: black;">每日</span>承受的痛苦，黄月月心如刀割，但自己的<span style="color: black;">情况</span>似乎<span style="color: black;">亦</span>好不到哪里去。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">由于</span>尿毒症的关系，黄月月<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>都困难，每晚睡觉时要在头下面垫三个枕头才行。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">尿毒症明明有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>种治疗方式，如腹透、血透和换肾等。但她却<span style="color: black;">选取</span>了<span style="color: black;">花费</span>最低的，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是生活质量最差的腹透。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">没办法，她太<span style="color: black;">必须</span>省钱给<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>看病了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">亦</span>是从那以后，黄月月每隔4小时就要将4斤重的<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>引流管输入到腹部，再引流出来。这个过程<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">持续</span>重复，<span style="color: black;">没</span>论<span style="color: black;">白日</span>黑夜。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>《腾讯公益》<span style="color: black;">报告</span>的一则故事，真实的故事远比<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">描述</span>的要更加疾苦，真实处境远比<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>想象的要更加困难。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">02.什么是儿童癌症</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“好好的<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>，怎么可能就得了癌症”，这是绝大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>父母在<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>确诊癌症后的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>反应。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">确实，在<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>固有认知中，癌症只会和成年人联系到<span style="color: black;">一块</span>，哪怕<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>有哪里不舒服<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">基本</span>不会想到癌症上去。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">但事实上，癌症<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">作为</span>中国儿童死亡<span style="color: black;">原由</span>第二位（<span style="color: black;">第1</span>位是意外事故）。<span style="color: black;">另一</span>，儿童<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>中<span style="color: black;">引起</span>死亡的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>大<span style="color: black;">原由</span>，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是癌症。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">儿童癌症，很好理解，指的是15岁以下患癌的人群。中国国家癌症中心于2000年-2010年间的统计数据<span style="color: black;">表示</span>，我国每年新发儿童肿瘤约2.2万人，近10年里儿童肿瘤的发病率年均增长<span style="color: black;">更加是</span>高达2.5%。近5年，儿童肿瘤的发病率<span style="color: black;">提升</span>了18.8%，这个数据远远高于发达国家。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-b8bbd222b19779d9136fd08bc73a34e5_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">和成年人容易患肺癌、肝癌以及胃癌等不同，儿童癌症更集中于白血病、淋巴瘤和中枢神经系统肿瘤。其中，白血病占据了儿童癌症总数的三分之一。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">除此之外，像神经母细胞瘤、肾母细胞瘤、髓母细胞瘤、视网膜母细胞瘤等，几乎只<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在儿童身上。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">03.确诊即晚期</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在中国，儿童癌症一旦确诊，<span style="color: black;">都数</span>都是晚期。<span style="color: black;">为何</span>会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>这种现象？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这和儿童癌症<span style="color: black;">始终</span>被<span style="color: black;">忽略</span><span style="color: black;">相关</span>，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span>儿童癌症的认知不足、误诊以及<span style="color: black;">广泛</span><span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">初期</span>筛查等，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>儿童在<span style="color: black;">显现</span>早起症状时，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>足够重视。即使<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了症状，在不少医院里<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>误诊现象，一次次<span style="color: black;">错失</span>最佳诊疗<span style="color: black;">机会</span>，<span style="color: black;">最后</span>被查出来时<span style="color: black;">已然</span>是癌症晚期。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">事实上，癌症并不是绝症。之<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">大众</span>都觉得癌症是绝症，是<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>癌症在<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>时<span style="color: black;">已然</span>是中晚期，<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>恶化，<span style="color: black;">无</span>太多的治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>了。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-92eafc38633ef71cdf2a331b3de57dfe_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">就拿儿童肿瘤中最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的几种肿瘤<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，白血病的治愈率约80%，淋巴瘤治愈率约50%，治愈率并不算很低。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">但在我国，一个患癌儿童平均要被误诊5.5次后，<span style="color: black;">才可</span><span style="color: black;">最后</span>确诊。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>，早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>早治疗就<span style="color: black;">显出</span>尤为<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>。而这就<span style="color: black;">需求</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>，在<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>症状时，千万<span style="color: black;">不可</span>掉以轻心！</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">04.儿童癌症<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">任何癌症的<span style="color: black;">显现</span>，不可能<span style="color: black;">无</span>预兆，只是在<span style="color: black;">都数</span>时候<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">由于</span>专业知识的缺乏，<span style="color: black;">或</span>自己的粗心大意，忽略了这些症状。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的发烧</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">无</span>任何诱因却发烧了，并且发烧超过1个星期</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.淋巴结肿大</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span>是颈部和腋下的淋巴结肿大，并且<span style="color: black;">体积</span>超过2公分，<span style="color: black;">无</span>痛感。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">无</span>任何诱因，却<span style="color: black;">显现</span>头痛、四肢<span style="color: black;">病痛</span><span style="color: black;">或</span>胸腹痛。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-3ef8f959d2557f14df79d04814e0f6a6_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.生长<span style="color: black;">生长</span><span style="color: black;">忽然</span>变缓<span style="color: black;">或</span>体重下降</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在<span style="color: black;">无</span>营养不良<span style="color: black;">或</span>偏食以及<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>等<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下，<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>停止长高<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">生长</span>变缓，以及体重<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>下降且<span style="color: black;">显现</span>食欲不振等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5.<span style="color: black;">忽然</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>贫血</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">包含</span><span style="color: black;">忽然</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>的贫血、流鼻血<span style="color: black;">或</span>牙龈<span style="color: black;">流血</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6.神经系统症状</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">显现</span>呕吐、运动不协调和走路<span style="color: black;">没</span>故跌倒等症状时。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">7.视力<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当瞳孔<span style="color: black;">显现</span>白色反光且拍照时双眼瞳孔反光不<span style="color: black;">同期</span>，高度<span style="color: black;">可疑</span>为视网膜母细胞瘤症状。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">8.不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>肿块</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">不管是身体还是四肢，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>肿块，<span style="color: black;">必须</span>立即<span style="color: black;">看病</span>。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">05.儿童癌症的诱因</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">成人患癌，和自己的生活方式有很大关系，如<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>、吸烟、饮酒、熬夜、久坐和<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>不规律等。但儿童癌症却<span style="color: black;">没</span>迹可寻，<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>先天<span style="color: black;">原因</span>决定的。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>，医学界最为<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>的共识是，儿童患癌很可能是遗传了父母的致癌基因，<span style="color: black;">或</span>是在胚胎<span style="color: black;">生长</span>过程中（怀孕）以及婴幼儿时期<span style="color: black;">出现</span>了基因突变。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">到底</span>是什么<span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">引起</span>的基因突变，<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">知道</span>的答案。这就<span style="color: black;">引起</span>，儿童癌症几乎<span style="color: black;">无</span>预防的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">Dr.X说</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">虽然说</span>病因不明，<span style="color: black;">无</span>预防办法，但还是像<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>上面说的那样，癌症不是绝症，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span><span style="color: black;">注意</span><span style="color: black;">哪些</span>特定症状，及早治疗，结果并<span style="color: black;">无</span>想象中的<span style="color: black;">那样</span>糟糕。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">Dr.X的硬核养生指南</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"></span>zhuanlan.zhihu.com/c_12539</span></span></a>81988110544896<span style="color: black;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/4b70deef7_ipico.jpg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-d64473f09fc025e725f49ac11c39106e_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
我深感你的理解与共鸣，愿对话长流。 我完全赞同你的观点，思考很有深度。 回顾过去一年，是艰难的一年；展望未来，是辉煌的一年。
页:
[1]