病痛可否分等级？那癌症属于第几级？让医生给你仔细分析下吧
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">世界卫生组织(WHO)将<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>等级分为：5级</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">O 度： 不痛；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Ⅰ度：轻度痛，为间歇痛，可<span style="color: black;">不消</span>药；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">II度： 中度痛， 为<span style="color: black;">连续</span>痛，影响<span style="color: black;">休憩</span>，需用止痛药；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">III度： 重度痛， 为<span style="color: black;">连续</span>痛，<span style="color: black;">不消</span>药<span style="color: black;">不可</span>缓解<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>；</p>Ⅳ度：严重痛，为<span style="color: black;">连续</span>剧痛伴血压、脉搏等变化。<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-ac70190a77aac0aa4ab6c79a6ce95a59_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">以上是世界卫生组织定义的<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>等级，至于网上流传的<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>12级，那是属于网友的杜泽，算不得真。有<span style="color: black;">伴侣</span>可能会有疑问，那癌症属于几级痛呢？蔡<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>认为，这个不太好划分，<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">每一个</span>人<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>程度不同，描述的程度<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不同。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>的<span style="color: black;">离开</span>，才是最幸福的</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">据世界卫生组织统计，<span style="color: black;">大概</span>一半以上的癌症晚期<span style="color: black;">病人</span>可<span style="color: black;">显现</span>中、重度<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>，三分之一的<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>承受着难以忍受的<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>，大部分患癌人群都存在着焦虑与抑郁的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>，忍受着失眠、<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>的反复<span style="color: black;">熬煎</span>，直至去世。<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>进行有效的<span style="color: black;">止疼</span>至关<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>，但现<span style="color: black;">周期</span>国内做的不是很好，一是<span style="color: black;">止疼</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>管理很严格，<span style="color: black;">必须</span>层层审批，二是国内<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>认识<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>不足，第三，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>及家属放大了止痛<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>中国的癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>晚年生活都很悲惨，不少人群充斥着悲观厌世的<span style="color: black;">心情</span>。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-709ec06f93dcc818b6278ce5d71be9af_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">癌症<span style="color: black;">为何</span>会<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>呢？</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">●组织破坏<span style="color: black;">导致</span>，这是癌细胞侵犯人体组织<span style="color: black;">导致</span>，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>肺癌侵及胸膜（<span style="color: black;">导致</span>胸痛）；肺尖肿瘤侵犯臂丛神经（<span style="color: black;">导致</span>肩痛）。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">●压迫正常组织<span style="color: black;">导致</span>，癌细胞<span style="color: black;">连续</span>增大，必不可免对正常组织产生压迫，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>脑肿瘤<span style="color: black;">连续</span>增大，压迫正常脑组织。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">●阻塞正常器官，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>阻塞肠道，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>可<span style="color: black;">导致</span>剧烈绞痛。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">●张力痛，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>肝肿瘤<span style="color: black;">快速</span>增长时，会牵扯到肝包膜，可<span style="color: black;">显现</span>右上腹剧烈胀痛。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">●溃烂痛，当肿瘤久治不愈，并发感染的时候，就可<span style="color: black;">显现</span>溃烂<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-bac903cb65ccbfab2777d238c2c3bc0a_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span>有效的止痛<span style="color: black;">药品</span>——WHO给出了三阶梯治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span></h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">●首选口服优先给药</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">●按时给药，而不是<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>时才吃药</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">●若<span style="color: black;">选取</span>阿片类<span style="color: black;">药品</span>，应从小剂量<span style="color: black;">起始</span>，直至能完全止痛，且<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">非甾体类抗炎药：针<span style="color: black;">针对</span>癌痛程度轻微的人群，这类<span style="color: black;">药品</span>比较<span style="color: black;">平常</span>，好处是<span style="color: black;">无</span>成瘾及耐药性，<span style="color: black;">表率</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>如布洛芬、吲哚美辛、双氯芬酸钠等；这属于<span style="color: black;">第1</span>阶梯的<span style="color: black;">举荐</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">阿片类<span style="color: black;">药品</span>：针<span style="color: black;">针对</span>中度<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>的人群，<span style="color: black;">表率</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>如吗啡片，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>法缓解，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>联合非甾体类抗炎药止痛；阿片类<span style="color: black;">药品</span>有个好处，除了止痛效果外，还存在镇静、消除焦虑和恐惧的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>，这为第二阶梯的<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">举荐</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">强阿片类<span style="color: black;">药品</span>：针对剧烈<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>的人群，<span style="color: black;">表率</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>如芬太尼等，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可与非甾体类抗炎药联合；这属于第三<span style="color: black;">周期</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">举荐</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">再<span style="color: black;">举荐</span>多一点阿片类<span style="color: black;">药品</span>给<span style="color: black;">大众</span>，如布桂嗪、双氢可待因、可待因、羟考酮、哌替啶等。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-97c827d5a95060b3bb306c83166f2a48_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">还有<span style="color: black;">无</span>其他的治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>来缓解癌痛呢？</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">●放疗、化疗<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是一种<span style="color: black;">选取</span>，<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">伴侣</span>放大了放、疗的副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>，但不管怎么说，这是人类历史上发明最为有效的灭杀癌细胞的方式，破坏及杀死肿瘤细胞后，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在<span style="color: black;">必定</span>程度上达到治疗肿瘤和止痛的目的。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">●热疗、射频消融，<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>肿瘤对温度很<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>，热疗或放疗可使肿瘤组织坏死，肿瘤体积缩小，从而减轻了肿瘤对神经、组织的压迫，而达到缓解<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>的目的。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">●神经阻滞术，<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>把传导<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>的神经给“干掉”。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">●止痛泵治疗，常用的有吗啡泵，效果<span style="color: black;">显著</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">●这篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span><span style="color: black;">期盼</span>能够帮到<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>身处癌痛深渊<span style="color: black;">没</span>法救赎的<span style="color: black;">伴侣</span>，作者是一名公立医院里的<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>，这是一个新号，但作者写作<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>的念头了，<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>您能关注我。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">参考资料：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.王雪梅,于红刚.癌性<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>的综合治疗<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span>.癌症<span style="color: black;">发展</span>,2019,17(21):2502-2504+2508.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.实用内科学</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.人卫第九版内科学</p>
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