癌症会传染还是会遗传？这5大癌症要注意
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有时会听到一家人先后得了癌症，一个家族里<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了几位癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，每当看到这些<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>，心里就<span style="color: black;">起始</span>犯嘀咕，癌症<span style="color: black;">是否</span>会传染？癌症<span style="color: black;">是否</span>会遗传？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q0.itc.cn/images01/20240229/4707587c10474ce4befc06cf0e082cea.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>癌症<span style="color: black;">为么</span>有时会出<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>同一家族内？</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">答案：可能有以下两种<span style="color: black;">原由</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1. 癌症确实存在遗传的可能性，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>继承了家族性的基因缺陷，有些人患上某些癌症的几率会大大<span style="color: black;">增多</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2. 癌症不会传染，但<span style="color: black;">类似</span>的生活方式与生活环境，尤其是<span style="color: black;">有些</span>不健康的生活习惯，<span style="color: black;">例如</span><span style="color: black;">膳食</span>不健康、运动少、吸烟等；或同处在胃癌、食管癌的高发地区；或<span style="color: black;">同期</span>受到了装修污染等，可能会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>家族内<span style="color: black;">显现</span>同一种癌症。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/images01/20240229/61fe875e3b52431db1f04b588d95dc94.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>这5种癌症相对<span style="color: black;">来讲</span><span style="color: black;">更易</span>遗传</h1>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">1.肠癌：</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">20%～30%的肠癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>有癌症家族史。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>家里有一位直系亲属患家族性肠息肉病，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>家人就<span style="color: black;">必要</span>到医院进行<span style="color: black;">关联</span><span style="color: black;">检测</span>。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>一家人都<span style="color: black;">爱好</span>吃肉和高蛋白质<span style="color: black;">食品</span>，家庭内<span style="color: black;">出现</span>大肠癌的危险性<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会<span style="color: black;">增多</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有效预防大肠癌最<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的是改变高脂肪、高蛋白质、低纤维素的<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>习惯，积极运动，保持<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>。45岁后，平均每5～10年进行一次肠镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span>每年做一次大便潜血<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，受遗传<span style="color: black;">原因</span>影响的人群更应该提前进行<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>经常便血、大便次数多、黏液便及腹痛，应<span style="color: black;">即时</span>查明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/images01/20240229/6f8eeaa8ef244a8ea6e1528ee9c2bd03.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">2.乳腺癌：</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">乳腺癌有<span style="color: black;">显著</span>遗传倾向，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是直系亲属间遗传的可能性很大。<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>母亲得了乳腺癌，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>女儿得乳腺癌几率要比其他女性高出2～3倍。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有家族史的女性，乳腺健康<span style="color: black;">检测</span>需提前到30岁<span style="color: black;">上下</span>，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>是35岁以前以<span style="color: black;">彩超</span><span style="color: black;">检测</span>为主；35岁以后进行钼靶摄片，从而在<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>乳腺癌。<span style="color: black;">况且</span>，有遗传倾向的女性，从20岁<span style="color: black;">起始</span>就要有<span style="color: black;">认识</span>进行“乳房自检”，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是<span style="color: black;">大姨妈</span>后应<span style="color: black;">定时</span>做“自检”，<span style="color: black;">即时</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>身体<span style="color: black;">反常</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">另一</span>，有家族史的女性应尽早生育（30岁前）并进行母乳喂养，更年期的女性别乱用含雌激素<span style="color: black;">成份</span>的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>，以<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>减少乳腺癌诱发<span style="color: black;">原因</span>，降低其发病率。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q4.itc.cn/images01/20240229/30a210e0e9144c00a697c866b2eca07e.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">3.胃癌：</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">胃癌与遗传有比<span style="color: black;">很强</span>的关系，有着<span style="color: black;">显著</span>的家庭聚集现象。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>家族中的一代或两代人<span style="color: black;">最少</span>有两人患病，且一人患病年龄<span style="color: black;">少于</span>50岁，且<span style="color: black;">病人</span>均为弥漫型胃癌，就可能是遗传性胃癌。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>遗传性弥漫型胃癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>病灶较为隐匿，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>要<span style="color: black;">定时</span>进行胃镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，以便尽早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>癌变。这类<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的家属，可多食用<span style="color: black;">鲜嫩</span><span style="color: black;">果蔬</span>和蔬菜。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>经常<span style="color: black;">显现</span>上腹部<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、胃部闷胀、不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>“变瘦”等症状，应尽早到医院诊断。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q4.itc.cn/images01/20240229/3de0b4fdf5fe4b69ad747216b1a92296.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">4.肝癌：</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>父母被查出肝癌，子女是一级预防对象，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>乙型肝炎病毒的垂直传播，易<span style="color: black;">导致</span>肝癌的家族聚集倾向。<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是携带乙肝病毒的母亲，其后代<span style="color: black;">出现</span>肝癌几率较高。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">家有肝癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，其子女<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">身患</span>病毒性肝炎，每半年要做一次肝脏<span style="color: black;">彩超</span>+AFP。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">平时不吃臭豆腐、发酵酸菜、豆腐乳等霉腐<span style="color: black;">食品</span>；不吃发芽的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>，如发芽的<span style="color: black;">马铃薯</span>等；不吃油炸<span style="color: black;">食品</span>；戒酒；不要乱<span style="color: black;">吃下</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>或保健品。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q8.itc.cn/images01/20240229/29b02785442e449995ebe09568b73bd5.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">5.鼻咽癌：</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">鼻咽癌发病有<span style="color: black;">显著</span>的种族易感性、地区聚集性和家族倾向性。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有鼻咽癌家族史的人群，<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">定时</span><span style="color: black;">检测</span>EB病毒。<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>避免<span style="color: black;">摄食</span>腌制<span style="color: black;">食品</span>（咸菜、咸鱼等），常吃腌制<span style="color: black;">食品</span>会使鼻咽癌的发病率<span style="color: black;">增多</span>2～7倍。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">同期</span>，要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>戒烟和避免吸二手烟及其他有害烟雾，如煤油灯气、杀虫气雾剂、甲醛等。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>鼻涕带血，以及不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的颈部淋巴结肿大、中耳积液等，应<span style="color: black;">即时</span>做<span style="color: black;">仔细</span>的鼻咽部<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q3.itc.cn/images01/20240229/622f95ddeabc4cd28e153627d23ae8f0.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span>7大癌症筛查<span style="color: black;">办法</span></h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>恶性肿瘤<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>症状，<span style="color: black;">或</span>难以察觉，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>防癌体检便<span style="color: black;">作为</span>一种对高<span style="color: black;">危害</span>人群及<span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">反常</span>的人群，进行有效<span style="color: black;">干涉</span>管理的体检方式。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">自己</span>的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>，<span style="color: black;">定时</span>体检不仅<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>恶性肿瘤的早诊率，<span style="color: black;">况且</span>能降低因癌症<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的死亡。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q4.itc.cn/images01/20240229/3bfa8454cc9040caaaa01357982524c6.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">4、</span>癌细胞害怕你做这5件事</h1>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">1. 怕你营养<span style="color: black;">平衡</span>，不吃烫食</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">最好的抗癌物，就藏在<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">平常</span><span style="color: black;">膳食</span>中～</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">● <strong style="color: blue;">预防胃癌、食管癌：</strong><span style="color: black;">鲜嫩</span>果蔬，<span style="color: black;">饱含</span>维生素C；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">● <strong style="color: blue;">预防结直肠癌：</strong>奶制品、豆制品，<span style="color: black;">饱含</span>钙；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">● <strong style="color: blue;">预防结肠癌、乳腺癌：</strong>全谷物、豆类，<span style="color: black;">饱含</span>膳食纤维；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">●<strong style="color: blue;"> 预防前列腺癌、口腔癌等癌症：</strong><span style="color: black;">西红柿</span>、西瓜，<span style="color: black;">饱含</span><span style="color: black;">西红柿</span>红素；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">● <strong style="color: blue;">预防乳腺癌：</strong>绿叶菜、橙黄色果蔬，<span style="color: black;">饱含</span>胡萝卜素；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">● <strong style="color: blue;">预防多种癌症：</strong>十字花科、百合科蔬菜，<span style="color: black;">饱含</span>有机硫化物。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">重视</span>：</strong>虽然<span style="color: black;">食品</span>趁热吃味道更香，但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>经常食用<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>烫的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>就会存在健康隐患，例如65℃<span style="color: black;">或</span>65℃以上的热饮或<span style="color: black;">食品</span>会<span style="color: black;">增多</span>患食管癌的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q7.itc.cn/images01/20240229/c503db2d8125410c980899ceeea6f74a.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">2.怕你爱运动：</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">体育<span style="color: black;">熬炼</span>不仅有助于<span style="color: black;">瘦身</span>或保持体形，<span style="color: black;">况且</span>对癌症<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有预防<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">显示</span>，<span style="color: black;">每日</span><span style="color: black;">最少</span>进行30～60分钟的中等到高强度体育<span style="color: black;">熬炼</span>的人，患癌症的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>会降低，尤其是患乳腺癌和结肠癌的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>，其他几种癌症的发病率<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有所下降，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>前列腺癌、肺癌和子宫内膜癌。</p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">3.怕你<span style="color: black;">即时</span>戒烟：</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">烟酒是打开癌症<span style="color: black;">前门</span>的推手，并且吸烟不仅和肺癌<span style="color: black;">相关</span>，它还会让人更易得胃癌、结直肠癌、宫颈癌、乳腺癌等癌症。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">记住：<span style="color: black;">即时</span>戒烟，任何时候都不晚！</p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">4. 怕你保持充足<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span></h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">失眠时，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的<span style="color: black;">各样</span>免疫器官，尤其是<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的免疫系统，得不到正常的<span style="color: black;">休憩</span>与恢复，久而久之，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的免疫力<span style="color: black;">亦</span>就越来越差。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，与7～7.5小时<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>者相比，<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>时间<span style="color: black;">少于</span>5小时的女性，患结肠癌的<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>36%，而<span style="color: black;">少于</span>6.5小时的男性，患肺癌的<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>112%。由此可见，<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>时间不足容易<span style="color: black;">引起</span>癌症的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>。</p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">5.怕你保持好心情：</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在不良<span style="color: black;">心情</span>反应中，与癌症关系密切的是抑郁、<span style="color: black;">剧烈</span>的挫折感、<span style="color: black;">没</span>望和<span style="color: black;">没</span>助等。有人认为是“抑郁催化了肿瘤”。<span style="color: black;">例如</span>，重症抑郁症的女性患者<span style="color: black;">更易</span>患乳腺癌，<span style="color: black;">况且</span>患上癌症后的预后更差。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/images01/20240229/3a54ad0282b0479e9cc1c44c953cc4ee.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">省流：健康小贴士</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.癌症确实存在遗传的可能性，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>继承了家族性的基因缺陷，有些人患上某些癌症的几率会大大<span style="color: black;">增多</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.癌症不会传染，但<span style="color: black;">类似</span>的生活方式与生活环境，可能会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>家族内<span style="color: black;">显现</span>同一种癌症。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.这5种癌症相对<span style="color: black;">来讲</span><span style="color: black;">更易</span>遗传：肠癌、乳腺癌、胃癌、肝癌、鼻咽癌。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.<span style="color: black;">定时</span>进行防癌体检不仅<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>恶性肿瘤的早诊率，<span style="color: black;">况且</span>能降低因癌症<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的死亡。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5.癌细胞害怕你做这5件事：怕你营养<span style="color: black;">平衡</span>，不吃烫食；怕你爱运动；怕你<span style="color: black;">即时</span>戒烟；怕你保持充足<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>；怕你保持好心情。</p>
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