u1jodi1q 发表于 2024-6-28 01:28:41

一文认识心脏肿瘤的治疗


    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在上世纪50年代中期之前,原发性心脏肿瘤<span style="color: black;">常常</span>只见于尸检报告中,其中原发性恶性心脏肿瘤罕见但<span style="color: black;">害处</span><span style="color: black;">极重</span>。随着超声心动图、体外循环技术的发展,临床<span style="color: black;">能够</span>较早地诊断和治疗心脏肿瘤。<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是三维超声心动图、多层心脏CT(MDCT)和心脏磁共振<span style="color: black;">影像</span>(CMR)的应用促进了心脏肿瘤的<span style="color: black;">即时</span>诊断。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">原发性恶性心脏肿瘤的临床特征取决于肿瘤的位置、<span style="color: black;">体积</span>、浸润性、脆性和生长速率。大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>为肉瘤,<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">快速</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span>,并<span style="color: black;">经过</span>心肌浸润、循环系统远处转移至肺、淋巴结和肝脏而<span style="color: black;">引起</span>早亡。如可行,可手术治疗,据<span style="color: black;">报告</span>完全切除后<span style="color: black;">病人</span>可<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>。</p>
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      <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-0340e9a5c4bddec7c99776600804a722_b.jpg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
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    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">手术<span style="color: black;">机会</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">一旦确诊,紧急切除肿瘤至关<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>。即使在<span style="color: black;">没</span>症状<span style="color: black;">病人</span>中,栓塞或猝死<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是可能的:在<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>中,8%的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>在等待诊断或等待手术时死亡。<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>大面积脑梗塞,<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">初期</span>手术切除心脏粘液瘤。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>心内直视手术<span style="color: black;">必须</span>全身抗凝和体外循环,急性脑梗死的<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>颅内<span style="color: black;">流血</span>的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>将会<span style="color: black;">增多</span>。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,<span style="color: black;">有些</span>作者提出用抗血小板或抗凝治疗进行桥接治疗以延迟心脏粘液瘤手术。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>抗血小板或抗凝治疗<span style="color: black;">没</span>法替代心脏手术,时间间隔越长再次栓塞的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>就越大。Andrew等对经历栓塞事件并<span style="color: black;">初期</span>进行手术的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>进行<span style="color: black;">科研</span>。<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>其与非经历栓塞事件手术的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>相比,两组<span style="color: black;">病人</span>短期和<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>存活率都相当,并且<span style="color: black;">显现</span>栓塞事件的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>心脏肿瘤切除术后的<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>存活率非常高。<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>认为<span style="color: black;">针对</span>有栓塞背景的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>,<span style="color: black;">初期</span>手术切除<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是安全的。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>这种<span style="color: black;">病人</span>手术治疗的<span style="color: black;">机会</span>仍是<span style="color: black;">必须</span>讨论的问题。总之,在急性脑梗死<span style="color: black;">病人</span>中,<span style="color: black;">初期</span>手术应进行跨学科讨论并在个体<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上进行<span style="color: black;">评定</span>。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-708658cb84d9ef62c378ce8896e55755_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">手术方式</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>,广泛接受的左心房粘液瘤通路<span style="color: black;">包含</span>经房间隔,左心房或双心房入路。<span style="color: black;">一般</span>进行经房间隔入路的左心房粘液瘤切除,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>它<span style="color: black;">没</span>需特殊处理就<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>扩大切除。它<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了足够的二尖瓣暴露,并且<span style="color: black;">能够</span>观察到其他心腔<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>存在的肿瘤。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>涉及<span style="color: black;">位置于</span>左心房后壁或二尖瓣上的小粘液瘤的病例,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>进行单独的左心房切开术。为了完全可视化心脏的两侧,<span style="color: black;">有些</span>外科<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>采用双侧入路切除<span style="color: black;">位置于</span>房间隔中的大肿瘤。</p>

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>粘液瘤是有蒂的,<span style="color: black;">必要</span><span style="color: black;">做为</span>一个肿块切除。将肿瘤整块与5~8 mm宽的正常房间隔一并切除。切除肿瘤形成的<span style="color: black;">缺失</span>,可用细的聚丙烯缝线缝合,或用自体心包片来修补。外科<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">必要</span><span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>防止碎裂和术中栓塞。粘液性肿瘤碎裂<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的栓塞是该手术最严重的术中并发症。在插管和肿瘤切除时采取对心脏的最小程度的操作<span style="color: black;">针对</span>降低此并发症的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>至关<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">冠状动脉旁路移植术和心脏瓣膜的修复或置换术是最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的<span style="color: black;">伴同</span>手术方式。</p>




张露zhang 发表于 2024-9-25 05:58:26

你的话语如春风拂面,温暖了我的心房,真的很感谢。

m5k1umn 发表于 2024-10-9 01:29:52

你的见解真是独到,让我受益良多。

qzmjef 发表于 2024-10-16 00:41:13

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b1gc8v 发表于 昨天 11:59

楼主发的这篇帖子,我觉得非常有道理。
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