“病例”与“病人”的英文表达区别
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">病例指<span style="color: black;">显现</span>临床病症，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>指<span style="color: black;">显现</span>临床病症的人。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>，病例<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>表现或报告得出的，而<span style="color: black;">病人</span>是描述出的。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">两者之间的区别可能在单个实例中看起来较为清晰。但在书写较<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>语句或段落时，术语<span style="color: black;">选取</span>就会变得更加令人费解。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>在<span style="color: black;">相关</span>临床医学的<span style="color: black;">研究</span>论文中，作者应该尽可能在一个语句内保持一致性，有利于保持内容清晰。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">例如以下的句子：</p>In our study, 10 cases (20%) out of 50 patients had evidence of tuberculosis co-infection. (inconsistent)<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">本<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中，50 位<span style="color: black;">病人</span>中有 10 例病例 (20%) 有感染结核病联合感染的征兆。（不一致）</p>In our study, 10 cases (20%) out of 50 cases had evidence of tuberculosis co-infection. (consistent)<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">本<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中，50 例病例中有 10 例病例 (20%) 有感染结核病联合感染的征兆。（一致）</p>In our study, 10 patients (20%) out of 50 patients had evidence of tuberculosis co-infection. (consistent)<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">本<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中，50 位<span style="color: black;">病人</span>中有 10 位<span style="color: black;">病人</span> (20%) 有感染结核病联合感染的征兆。（一致）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">第一句在病例和<span style="color: black;">病人</span>这两个术语之间进行了切换，相比之下，第二和第三个例句都保持了一致性。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>，以上示例都正确地<span style="color: black;">运用</span>了相应术语，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>“有感染结核病联合感染的征兆”既可用于临床病症，又适用于<span style="color: black;">显现</span>该临床病症的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>个人。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在全文保持术语的一致性，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有利于让读者更加清晰的理解您的文稿。例如：</p>Patients with a history of co-infection were excluded. The symptoms and treatment of these cases were recorded. (inconsistent)<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">已排除有联合感<span style="color: black;">患病</span>史的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>。已记录此类病例的症状与治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。（不一致）</p>Patients with a history of co-infection were excluded. The symptoms and treatment of these patients were recorded. (consistent)<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">已排除有联合感<span style="color: black;">患病</span>史的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>。已记录此类<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的症状与治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。（一致）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">尽管<span style="color: black;">第1</span>句中正确<span style="color: black;">运用</span>了<span style="color: black;">病人</span>和病例，但从一致性的<span style="color: black;">方向</span>来看，第二句更加可取。请<span style="color: black;">重视</span>，在这两处都<span style="color: black;">运用</span>病例是不正确的。<span style="color: black;">由于</span>短语“有联合感<span style="color: black;">患病</span>史”更适用于<span style="color: black;">身患</span>临床病症的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>个人，而不适用于<span style="color: black;">显现</span>临床病症的<span style="color: black;">情况</span>描述。</p>
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