脑流血是怎么引起的？该怎么治疗？
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">现<span style="color: black;">周期</span>，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的生活节奏正在<span style="color: black;">持续</span>加快，<span style="color: black;">各样</span>健康问题<span style="color: black;">亦</span>随之而来。其中，脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>率则相对较高，是临床中较为<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>的一种<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，在中老年人群中<span style="color: black;">非常</span><span style="color: black;">平常</span>。<span style="color: black;">不外</span>，<span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">都数</span>病症<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，发病前都会有<span style="color: black;">有些</span>先兆表现，只要<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span><span style="color: black;">认识</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的<span style="color: black;">出现</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>，并加强预防和治疗，就能降低<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的<span style="color: black;">害处</span>。对此，本文将就脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span>展开其<span style="color: black;">出现</span>原因和治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>的知识普及。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q7.itc.cn/images01/20240429/60b004aefdb3463b94dd30ec45a7b9ff.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">1.脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>是怎么<span style="color: black;">引起</span>的</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>又被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>作脑溢血，是脑实质血管破裂所<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的一种<span style="color: black;">流血</span>表现。该<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>在中老年人群中的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>率相对较高，且以男性<span style="color: black;">占多数</span>。脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>的诱发<span style="color: black;">原因</span>相对较多，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">非常</span><span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>，<span style="color: black;">详细</span>的诱发<span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>和以下几个方面存在<span style="color: black;">必定</span><span style="color: black;">相关</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">（1）身体过度<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>。</strong>脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>和身体过度<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>存在密切<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，如若<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>过度，体重增长<span style="color: black;">太多</span>，患上<span style="color: black;">各样</span>糖尿病、高血压等慢性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会大大<span style="color: black;">增多</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">更易</span><span style="color: black;">引起</span>脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>过度<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>的人群<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，应积极做好体重的<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>，并<span style="color: black;">重视</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span>治疗<span style="color: black;">基本</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，<span style="color: black;">以避免</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>的合并<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">（2）<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>吸烟喝酒。</strong><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>吸烟喝酒都会对身体产生相对严重的<span style="color: black;">害处</span>。在烟酒中，含有尼古丁、酒精、一氧化碳、烟焦油等物质，如若身体<span style="color: black;">长期</span>在<span style="color: black;">以上</span>物质的影响下，神经便会<span style="color: black;">非常</span>兴奋，血压<span style="color: black;">亦</span>将<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">处在</span>一种<span style="color: black;">反常</span><span style="color: black;">提升</span>的现象，从而便会使脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>的<span style="color: black;">出现</span><span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>有吸烟、喝酒习惯的人群而言，<span style="color: black;">平常</span>生活中<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>做到减少其抽烟喝酒的次数，必要时最好戒掉烟酒，如此便可降低脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>的<span style="color: black;">出现</span><span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">（3）高血压<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</strong>相比<span style="color: black;">无</span>高血压<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的人群，伴高血压<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>会更高。在高血压<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的影响下，机体的血压会<span style="color: black;">长期</span>不受<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>，如若血压再<span style="color: black;">连续</span><span style="color: black;">提升</span>，脑血管便会保持在一种扩张状态下，血管<span style="color: black;">出现</span>破裂的<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会大大<span style="color: black;">增多</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">（4）外伤。</strong>外伤<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">引起</span>脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>之一。当脑部受到<span style="color: black;">外边</span>创伤后，血管则会有破裂<span style="color: black;">危害</span>，<span style="color: black;">从而</span>便会引发该<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。<span style="color: black;">不外</span>，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>外伤<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>会伴有肢体乏力、呕吐、头痛等症状，病情相对危急。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">2.脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>该怎么治疗</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>，临床认为<span style="color: black;">针对</span>脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>的治疗最好<span style="color: black;">根据</span>病因和病情程度分<span style="color: black;">周期</span>进行。<span style="color: black;">详细</span>如下。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">（1）急性期。</strong>在<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的急性<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>期，<span style="color: black;">首要</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>维持<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">心情</span>的稳定，并<span style="color: black;">重视</span>在一个安静的环境下进行治疗，<span style="color: black;">以避免</span><span style="color: black;">流血</span>现象继续加重。在收治到<span style="color: black;">病人</span>后，<span style="color: black;">必要</span>积极进行抗水肿治疗，使颅内压得到<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>。<span style="color: black;">药品</span>方面可<span style="color: black;">选取</span>甘露醇（20%，125～250毫升），<span style="color: black;">根据</span>静脉滴注的方式进行治疗。<span style="color: black;">另一</span>，还需做好<span style="color: black;">病人</span>血压和微循环的<span style="color: black;">调节</span>，<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>不<span style="color: black;">运用</span>降压药，<span style="color: black;">以避免</span><span style="color: black;">短期</span>内血压下降<span style="color: black;">太多</span><span style="color: black;">诱发</span>低血压。<span style="color: black;">不外</span>，在特殊<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下（如：<span style="color: black;">病人</span>收缩压超过200毫米汞柱时），才可<span style="color: black;">运用</span>相应的降压药，但其<span style="color: black;">药品</span>性质<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span>温和的，且需在<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>的<span style="color: black;">指点</span>下进行。<span style="color: black;">另一</span>，急性期<span style="color: black;">亦</span>需加强对<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的护理，<span style="color: black;">以避免</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>并发症<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">引起</span>病情加重。休养时，<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span><span style="color: black;">保准</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>为平卧姿势，头部侧偏，并予以氧气支持，<span style="color: black;">即时</span>清理干净<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>道中的分泌物，<span style="color: black;">保证</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>能够正常<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>。<span style="color: black;">同期</span>，还可积极做好抗感染处理，<span style="color: black;">以避免</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>感染<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">（2）稳<span style="color: black;">定时</span>。</strong>在<span style="color: black;">流血</span>相对稳定的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下，可为<span style="color: black;">病人</span>接受外科手术治疗，手术<span style="color: black;">方法</span>较多，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>开颅去血肿手术、颅内钻孔抽吸术、立体定向术等，<span style="color: black;">详细</span>手术方式应结合<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的<span style="color: black;">实质</span>需求而定。<span style="color: black;">不外</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span>老年人<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，手术方式的<span style="color: black;">选取</span>需<span style="color: black;">小心</span>进行，<span style="color: black;">必要</span><span style="color: black;">保证</span>符合相应的手术指针才可开展，手术前<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>做好相应的<span style="color: black;">麻木</span><span style="color: black;">评定</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">（3）恢复期。</strong>在<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>恢复期，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的病情相对稳定，此时的治疗<span style="color: black;">重点</span>以<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>治疗为主，<span style="color: black;">重视</span>对肢体功能的训练。可从床上的被动运动<span style="color: black;">起始</span>，<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>再过渡到床下的主动运动。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>了语言方面的<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>，还可进行发音练习。<span style="color: black;">另一</span>，在恢复期还可<span style="color: black;">协同</span>针灸、理疗等方式，以此起到辅助<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">综上，脑<span style="color: black;">流血</span>的<span style="color: black;">害处</span>相对严重，发病<span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">非常</span><span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>，但只要及时接受治疗，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的生命威胁则会大大降低。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">遵义医科大学<span style="color: black;">第1</span>临床学院重症医学科 温晓辉 傅小云/文</p>
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