论坛 › 外链发布 › 一针清除癌细胞？冲上热搜的“癌症疫苗”到底是怎么一回事？

fny5jt9 发表于 2024-5-23 01:26:23

一针清除癌细胞？冲上热搜的“癌症疫苗”到底是怎么一回事？

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“谈癌色变”的时代</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>有人跟你说</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">别怕，<span style="color: black;">将来</span>会有癌症疫苗！</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">是否</span>很心动？</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">近期</span>，<span style="color: black;">相关</span><span style="color: black;">癌症疫苗的<span style="color: black;">信息</span></span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">登上社交平台热搜榜</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/EJfBYyWDbEicRiaJmHL9ghp8ibe4SEL6AIjvG9iap8vRRXiaudn1icpAnNlRZXbT7iaT4ic32ial8AwrcHYZgP7GMZibQN5w/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人会有和<span style="color: black;">博主</span>相同的疑问：</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“癌症疫苗真的能治愈癌症吗？”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“什么样的癌细胞都<span style="color: black;">能够</span>摧毁吗？”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">……</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>其高发病率、高死亡率、低治愈率，大部分人难免“谈癌色变”。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>这一<span style="color: black;">信息</span>，有网友将其等同为预防癌症，并发起<span style="color: black;">专题</span>讨论：</span><span style="color: black;">假如真有这种疫苗，一针20万元，保你20年不得癌症，你会打吗？</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/EJfBYyWDbEicRiaJmHL9ghp8ibe4SEL6AIjnoEyib8GiaezPRhNmXzibwPV6WZDafAEXVb44AoDOMicjpqoORVhGXOSfA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">不少网友在其下回复<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>：“这么便宜，打”“20万虽然对我打工仔（<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>）<span style="color: black;">不方便</span>宜，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>出了我<span style="color: black;">亦</span>愿意先给我妈打一针”。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/EJfBYyWDbEicRiaJmHL9ghp8ibe4SEL6AIjmfE8gOKoOsxCcPSUwskrxgb62UouTkC9wwqTIqkNzwmBCjibAib9o6Nw/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/EJfBYyWDbEicRiaJmHL9ghp8ibe4SEL6AIj1Nk8qJicGNdsboDA7HxFBcYKAWx2Rtfh159k2hHp633VSvQQv60bKMQ/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这次<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>网友关注和<span style="color: black;">热榜</span>的，是一段德国生物技术<span style="color: black;">机构</span>BioNTech联合创始人关于“癌症疫苗即将<span style="color: black;">面世</span>”的采访。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/EJfBYyWDbEicRiaJmHL9ghp8ibe4SEL6AIjkIhUibZbPlKzm8WNAEm8s1thJjkeQUuC3hOp1YpSu0QaYakWGgaULtw/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当地时间10月16日，据英国《卫报》<span style="color: black;">信息</span>，德国生物技术<span style="color: black;">机构</span>BioNTech的创始人在接受英国广播<span style="color: black;">机构</span>（BBC）采访时<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>，基于mRNA疫苗技术路线的癌症疫苗<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>取得了突破，这让<span style="color: black;">她们</span>对<span style="color: black;">将来</span>几年癌症疫苗上市持<span style="color: black;">阳光</span>态度。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“mRNA癌症疫苗有<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>于2030年前<span style="color: black;">面世</span>，将治愈癌症，改变癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的生活。”</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">德国生物技术<span style="color: black;">机构</span>BioNTech联合创始人乌古尔·萨欣<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/EJfBYyWDbEicRiaJmHL9ghp8ibe4SEL6AIjyh1f3JrngA1O1M7E70MJFL4gLEVUkQExggFRRmZJQAibwcAcfyiaOlzg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>专家：<span style="color: black;">开发</span>难度大，需克服多重挑战<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">说到</span>mRNA疫苗，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>并不陌生，而利用mRNA这一技术路线来<span style="color: black;">研发</span>的癌症疫苗，前景<span style="color: black;">到底</span><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>？</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">mRNA疫苗<span style="color: black;">经过</span>将遗传基因编码<span style="color: black;">传送</span>至人体，让细胞产生抗体，从而激活人体的免疫反应。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span>认为，既然mRNA新冠疫苗<span style="color: black;">已然</span>证明了<span style="color: black;">经过</span>将遗传基因编码<span style="color: black;">传送</span>至人体，能够让细胞产生抗体，从而激活人体的免疫反应，<span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">一样</span>的原理<span style="color: black;">亦</span>应该能够在对抗肿瘤方面被验证，<span style="color: black;">经过</span>接种癌症疫苗，人体将能够<span style="color: black;">起步</span>免疫系统，从而攻击肿瘤细胞。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/EJfBYyWDbEicRiaJmHL9ghp8ibe4SEL6AIjpq9OLS4sFEJ3riafYbQW8yLZs1ACfV3kujHib84QcKrQlCLjHdN3F31Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">与普通疫苗接种后防止<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>不同，BioNTech<span style="color: black;">机构</span>正在<span style="color: black;">开发</span>的癌症疫苗是一种</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">治疗性的疫苗</strong></span><span style="color: black;">，<span style="color: black;">做为</span>一种癌症治疗手段，<span style="color: black;">促进</span>免疫系统破坏癌细胞，从而预防肿瘤的复发。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>关注肿瘤临床治疗新<span style="color: black;">发展</span>的哈尔滨血液病肿瘤<span style="color: black;">科研</span>所所长马军说：</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">癌症疫苗被认为是<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">潜能</span>的癌症免疫疗法之一，mRNA则是癌症疫苗<span style="color: black;">研发</span>的五条<span style="color: black;">重点</span>技术路线之一。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">治疗性癌症疫苗<span style="color: black;">科研</span>相对推进缓慢，大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>仍<span style="color: black;">处在</span>临床前<span style="color: black;">科研</span>或一期临床<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">周期</span>，其中很大一部分<span style="color: black;">原由</span>在于癌细胞抗原的多样性和肿瘤免疫逃逸机制及肿瘤异质性。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">国家纳米科学中心<span style="color: black;">科研</span>员、博士生导师王海教授<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">暗示</span>：</p>
    <span style="color: black;">癌症疫苗的<span style="color: black;">开发</span>难度大，仍<span style="color: black;">必须</span>克服重大挑战。</span><span style="color: black;">其中一个<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>挑战<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">因为</span><span style="color: black;">形成</span>肿瘤的癌细胞中可能含有多种不同的蛋白质，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>要让疫苗针对癌细胞而不<span style="color: black;">损伤</span>健康组织极为困难。除此之外，免疫系统并<span style="color: black;">不可</span>达到所有的肿瘤部位，这是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>肿瘤非常狡猾，会逃逸免疫系统的杀伤。故而，我认为虽然mRNA癌症疫苗从安全性的<span style="color: black;">方向</span>来看<span style="color: black;">已然</span>在新冠疫苗上得到了验证，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>它的免疫<span style="color: black;">守护</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>仍需进一步加强。</span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/EJfBYyWDbEicRiaJmHL9ghp8ibe4SEL6AIj766GYMRPAFblrOtJ8Eg3kPEJs2uAImhjUWdnnu6NdBwicRf2JSSJwicg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">公开资料<span style="color: black;">表示</span>，除了BioNTech之外，美国疫苗<span style="color: black;">开发</span>巨头Moderna<span style="color: black;">亦</span>在布局癌症新生抗原疫苗的<span style="color: black;">研发</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">10月13日，Moderna宣布与默沙东联合<span style="color: black;">研发</span>并<span style="color: black;">营销</span>一种个性化<span style="color: black;">精细</span>治疗癌症疫苗（PCV）mRNA-4157/V940，这种疫苗基于Moderna的mRNA技术，并与默沙东的明星肿瘤疗法Keytruda（K药）联用，探索治疗高危黑色素瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>，该项目<span style="color: black;">处在</span>临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span>II期，共招募了157例受试者。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/EJfBYyWDbEicRiaJmHL9ghp8ibe4SEL6AIjCahbX8ZZNia0S1JKHctCzTHNXETl8np8gjibdI4bib9lZ08BPWKtlG64A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">已有多款肿瘤疫苗上市</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">将来</span>5到10年内将有<span style="color: black;">更加多</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">做为</span>继肿瘤化疗、放疗、细胞和免疫治疗之后的新型治疗方式，肿瘤疫苗是近年来的<span style="color: black;">开发</span>热点。在大的<span style="color: black;">归类</span>上，</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">肿瘤疫苗可区分为</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">预防性肿瘤疫苗</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">和</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">治疗性肿瘤疫苗。</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">其中，最为典型和广为人熟知的预防性肿瘤疫苗即为HPV疫苗，预防宫颈癌<span style="color: black;">出现</span>。</p>

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/EJfBYyWDbEicRiaJmHL9ghp8ibe4SEL6AIjFQia5VMmicceiab86xvVK89yDDnBtLDpaiaR7q1A5A7qfN8CC0vpKyrD9A/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">早在2010年，癌症疫苗</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">普列威</strong></span><span style="color: black;">(Provenge)就已被美国FDA<span style="color: black;">准许</span>，用于癌症免疫治疗，适应证为<span style="color: black;">没</span>症状或症状轻微的转移性去势抵抗性前列腺癌。这款疫苗的<span style="color: black;">开发</span>药企为丹瑞生物，其让晚期癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>期延长了四个月。</span><span style="color: black;">但<span style="color: black;">因为</span>生产成本<span style="color: black;">昂贵</span>，再加上效果不及此后上市的多款<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂，疫苗的<span style="color: black;">营销</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>并不<span style="color: black;">阳光</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">从国际<span style="color: black;">状况</span>而言，<span style="color: black;">按照</span>中国医学科学院医学信息<span style="color: black;">科研</span>所等2021年11月<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>在《中国药业》的<span style="color: black;">文案</span>，</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">全世界</span>范围内已有16个治疗性肿瘤疫苗<span style="color: black;">制品</span>上市。</span><span style="color: black;">适应证从</span><span style="color: black;">膀胱肿瘤、黑色素瘤</span><span style="color: black;">，扩展到其他实体瘤，<span style="color: black;">包含</span></span><span style="color: black;">肾细胞瘤、肺癌、前列腺癌</span><span style="color: black;">等。而从进入三期临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span>的<span style="color: black;">制品</span>来看，肿瘤疫苗适应证又进一步扩展到消化系统肿瘤、泌尿系统肿瘤、生殖系统肿瘤等。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">但<span style="color: black;">文案</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>提示<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>，<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>范围内首次上市或进入Ⅲ期临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span><span style="color: black;">周期</span>的<span style="color: black;">制品</span>数量随时间的推移<span style="color: black;">逐步</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>。近年来，进入Ⅲ期临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span>的<span style="color: black;">制品</span>数量<span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">增加</span>，</span><span style="color: black;">估计在<span style="color: black;">将来</span>5～10年内将有<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>肿瘤疫苗<span style="color: black;">制品</span>成功上市。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">总而言之</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">肿瘤疫苗并非“神药”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">网友们讨论的“一针清除癌细胞”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>还<span style="color: black;">没</span>法实现</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">治疗性疫苗为生物制品</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">必须</span>与其他免疫治疗</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">如免疫<span style="color: black;">检测</span>点<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂、CAR-T等手段联合<span style="color: black;">运用</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">以<span style="color: black;">加强</span>疫苗的有效性</span></p><span style="color: black;">话匣子综合自：</span><span style="color: black;">健康时报、澎湃<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>、<span style="color: black;">第1</span>财经、中新经纬、每日经济<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>、北京商报</span><span style="color: black;">编辑：严萍</span><span style="color: black;">外链论坛：http://www.fok120.com/程晨</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">-本文完-</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">版权声明：转载前请联系后</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">台授权</span></strong><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/EJfBYyWDbE8cKWSibKOnkJpq2xfnRsZKibKjiaDNpj9kW576NU3dRdTreu8Pic797ckoJYhIf38dWEQibm0C5M3KicvQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1&amp;tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/EJfBYyWDbE8cKWSibKOnkJpq2xfnRsZKibMnQrf6ibbGe2XrJKthU0TEDKXSMXuVaqicg6muibOW364YIqjXhibsH20g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1&amp;tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">

星☆雨 发表于 2024-9-9 06:26:41

楼主继续加油啊！外链论坛加油！

4zhvml8 发表于 3 天前

期待楼主的下一次分享！”

查看完整版本: 一针清除癌细胞？冲上热搜的“癌症疫苗”到底是怎么一回事？